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Module 4

Matter in Ecosystems

TermDefinition
prey organisms that are eaten by other animals
predator animal that naturally preys on others
herbivores animals that eat only plants
omnivore animals that eat both plants and animals
carnivore animals that eat other animals
composting mixture of dead organic material that can be used as fertilizer; improves garden by making soil rich in nutrients
decomposer break down dead plants and animals into useful substances
niche role or job of an organism in an ecosystem
producer organisms that produce their own food
primary consumer eats producers
secondary consumer eats primary consumers (ex. mouse eats grasshopper)
food chain model of path that energy in food takes as it moves from one organism to the next
food chain includes producers, consumers and scangers
animals get carbon-rich chemicals by eating plants or animals that eat plants
food web model of how food chains overlap
animal at top of energy pyramid has least amount of energy transferred to it from the bottom
producers in food chain at the beginning of food chain
scavengers animal that gets nutrients from dead animals it did not kill
nitrogen fixing bacteria change gas into substances that plants can use
plants get carbon dioxide from the air
nitrogen cycle the continuous trapping of nitrogen gas into compounds in the soil and its return to the air
Name three biotic factors in an ecosystem grass, rabbit hawk
How can a primary consumer also be a secondary consumer? A bear is an omnivore. It eats berries which makes it a primary consumer. It also eats fish, which makes it a secondary consumer.
Created by: jkimball
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