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Genetics 8th Grade
8th grade genetics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Genetics | The scientific study of heredity |
| Heredity | The pass of traits from parents to young |
| Trait | A characteristic or feature of an organism |
| DNA | A neucleic acid that stores all the information needed for a cell to function |
| Chromosome | A threadlike structure that is made of of DNA and proteins; a series of genes |
| Karyotype | A visual picture of a set of chromosomes |
| Gene | A section of a chromosome carrying the information for a specific trait |
| Dominant Trait | A trait that prevents the showing of another trait |
| Recessive Trait | A trait that is hidden by the presence of a dominant trait |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism; the genes |
| Phenotype | The inherited appearance of an organism; the looks |
| Punnett square | A chart that shows all the possible combinations of traits among the offspring of a cross |
| Purebred | An organism that has two of the same forms of a trait |
| Hybrid | An organism that is produced by a cross of parents that have different forms of a trait |
| Incomplete dominance | A condition in which neither trait of a pair is dominant or recessive (Also called "blending") |
| Sex chromosomes | The two chromosomes that determine sex |
| X-chromosome | A sex chromosome found in the cells of both males and females |
| Y-chromosome | A sex chromosome found only in the cells of males |
| Sex-linked trait | A trait that results from a gene that is found on one of the sex chromosomes |
| Meiosis | Cell division in which sperm or eggs are made |
| Mitosis | Cell division in which daughter cells are formed that are just like the parent cell |
| Selective breeding | The crossing of plants or animals having the most useful traits to produce offspring that have the combined useful traits of the parents |
| Genetic engineering | The transfer of genes from one organism to another |
Created by:
HoraitisScience
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