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Genetics 8th Grade

8th grade genetics

TermDefinition
Genetics The scientific study of heredity
Heredity The pass of traits from parents to young
Trait A characteristic or feature of an organism
DNA A neucleic acid that stores all the information needed for a cell to function
Chromosome A threadlike structure that is made of of DNA and proteins; a series of genes
Karyotype A visual picture of a set of chromosomes
Gene A section of a chromosome carrying the information for a specific trait
Dominant Trait A trait that prevents the showing of another trait
Recessive Trait A trait that is hidden by the presence of a dominant trait
Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism; the genes
Phenotype The inherited appearance of an organism; the looks
Punnett square A chart that shows all the possible combinations of traits among the offspring of a cross
Purebred An organism that has two of the same forms of a trait
Hybrid An organism that is produced by a cross of parents that have different forms of a trait
Incomplete dominance A condition in which neither trait of a pair is dominant or recessive (Also called "blending")
Sex chromosomes The two chromosomes that determine sex
X-chromosome A sex chromosome found in the cells of both males and females
Y-chromosome A sex chromosome found only in the cells of males
Sex-linked trait A trait that results from a gene that is found on one of the sex chromosomes
Meiosis Cell division in which sperm or eggs are made
Mitosis Cell division in which daughter cells are formed that are just like the parent cell
Selective breeding The crossing of plants or animals having the most useful traits to produce offspring that have the combined useful traits of the parents
Genetic engineering The transfer of genes from one organism to another
Created by: HoraitisScience
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