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Biology Final review
Review for 2018 Life Science Exam
| ocular lens, objective lens | used to magnify the objects on the stage |
| fine and course focus adjustment knobs | used to focus the object into view |
| diaphragm and light source | used to view the object on the stage |
| Total magnification | ocular X objective |
| bubbles | what to avoid when making a wet mount slide |
| mitochondria | powerhouse of the cell |
| chloroplast | where photosynthesis takes place |
| cellular respiration | produces carbon dioxide and ATP energy |
| photosynthesis | produces glucose and oxygen |
| food | energy source for animals |
| sun | energy source for plants |
| stain | used to make clear cells visible |
| base and arm | used to carry microscope |
| high power objective | never use the course focus knob when this lens is in place |
| cells | building blocks of all living things |
| mitosis | the division of the nucleus |
| purpose for mitosis | growth, repair and replacement of cells, reproduction |
| meiosis | cell division that creates sex cells |
| gametes | egg and sperm cells |
| Asexual reproduction | all offspring are identical to parent |
| Sexual reproduction | offspring are variations of the parents |
| one | number of parents in Asexual Reproduction |
| two | number of parents in Sexual Reproduction |
| chromosomes in sex cells | One half the parent chromosome number |
| growth | occurs through increase in cell number through mitosis |
| Organelles | located within cells for life activities |
| cell wall | only in plant cells for structure and support |
| large central vacuole | storage for plant cells |
| cytoplasm | gel material that suspends organelles within the cell |
| cell membrane | gatekeeper, in both plant and animal cells |
| budding | asexual reproduction in Hydra |
| regeneration | asexual reproduction from parts |
| vegetative propagation | asexual reproduction in plants |
| body cells | cells created by mitosis |
| egg | female sex cell with 1/2 chromosome number |
| sperm | male sex cell with 1/2 the chromosome number |
| genes | located on chromosomes as bands of DNA |
| levels of organization | organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems |
| cancer | abnormal cells with uncontrolled reproduction |
| adenine | thymine |
| guanine | cytosine |
| DNA | |
| ecosystem | interactions between living and nonliving parts of nature |
| natural selection | when nature selects organisms that will survive |
| adaptation | organism's ability to survive based on it's variation |
| Charles Darwin | Father of Natural Selection |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of Genetics |
| Watson and Crick | discovered structure of DNA |
| Carnivore | eats only meat |
| Omnivore | eats both meat and plants |
| herbivore | eats only plants |
| Evidence for evolution | Fossils,Embryological similarities, DNA, Homologous Structures |
| Producers | make their own food |
| Consumers | Omnivores, carnivores, and herbivores |
| Habitat | where an organism lives |
| Niche | the job, or function of an organism |
| Decomposers | absorb food from dead organisms and break down once living materials |
| Succession | changes in plant and animal life due to an environmental change Takes place over time |
| Kingdom | broad classification group, includes 6 different groups |
| species | most specific level of classification |
| Internal and external structures | Differences in these allow organisms to be classified |
| Scientific method | Scientific steps that can help solve a problem |
| Punnett square | Tool to predict a hereditary outcome |
| Dominant trait | Always shows itself when allele is present |
| Recessive trait | Silent in the presence of the dominant allele |
| Homeostasis | The ability to maintain internal conditions no matter what external conditions are |
| calorie | unit of food energy measurement |
| Respiratory system | provides oxygen to blood and exhales carbon dioxide |
| Circulatory system | the body's internal transportation system |
| Excretory system | Removes dissolved waste from the blood |
| Skeletal system | Protects, supports body, produces red blood cells |
| Muscular system | Along with skeletal system , allows for movement |
| Endocrine system | Ductless body system that produces hormones |
| hormones | chemicals produced by endocrine system that control the body |
| Kidney | main organ of excretory system |
| heart | main organ of circulatory system |
| brain, central nerve chord | main parts of the nervous system |
| nervous system | coordinates movement and all body functions |
| absorption | process through which nutrients enter the circulatory system |
Created by:
l.duxbury
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