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Gene Idea Vocab
Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| P1 | parent generation |
| F1 | the first generation from the P1 |
| F2 | the second generation |
| genetics | the study of how characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring |
| complete dominance | a cross between PP x Pp, all offspring will be dominant |
| incomplete dominance | occurs when 2 or more alleles influence the the phenotype, resulting in a phenotype intermediate between the dominant and recessive trait. neither allele is completely dominant over the other |
| codominance | both alleles are expressed in a heterozygous offspring |
| phenotype | the appearance of an organism |
| genotype | the genetic make-up of an organism |
| monohybrid cross | a cross between individuals that individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits Rr x Rr |
| trait | scientific name for a characteristic |
| allele | alternate form of a gene |
| dominant | RR or Rr |
| law of independent assortment | MENDELS 2ND LAWEach Allele pairs segregates independently during gamete formation, applies when genes for 2 characteristics are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes. |
| law of segregation | MENDELS 1ST LAWallele pairs are separated during the formation of gametes, and randomly reformed as pairs during fuasion or gametes at fertilitzation. |
| dihybrid cross | a cross between individuals that involves the pairing of contrasting traits RR x WW |
| genotypic ratio | ratio of the the genotypes that appear in the offspring |
| heterozygous | Rr |
| homozygous | RR or rr |
| phenotypic ratio | the ratio of the offsprings' pheonotypes |
| probability | the likelihood that a specific event will occur |
| test cross | the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype |
| heredity | the transmission from parents to offspring |
| Character | A feature capable of beeing inherited |
| Trait | Each Variant for a character |
| True-Breeding | Plants that produce offspring of the same variety when the y self pollinate. |
| Pedigree | A Family Tree which describes and illustrates how a disease inherited trait is carrie3d through a family. |
| Pleiotrophy | The ability of a single gene to have multiple effects. |
| Polygenic | Pertaining to two or more genes. As opposed to monogenic. Eye color is polygenic. It is by determined by a number of genes. |
| Sickle-Cell Disease | Human genetic disease of red blood cells. Caused by subst. of single amno acid in the hemoglobin portein. Most common inherited disease among African Americans. |
Created by:
sng4fd
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