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Biology 1 Honors

Chapter 2

QuestionAnswer
the simplest particle off an element that retains all of the properties of that element atom
are made up of atoms of two or more elements in fixed proportions compound
forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons covalent bonds
an atom or molecule with an electrical charge ion
The atomic number of carbon is 6. Therefore, the number of protons in a carbon atom equals 6
one of the kinds of particles found in the nucleus of an atom is the proton
the maximum number of electrons that can be held in the orbitals in an atoms second energy level is 8
of the following elements, the one that is, most likely to form ionic bonds is sodium
an example of a compund is hydrogen gas
what is the difference between mass and weight weight is defined as the force produced by gravity acting on mass
Identify the emements and the number of atoms of each element in each of the following compounds:BO2 1 B 2O
KCL 1K 1CL
C6H12O6 6C 12H 6O
NH3 1N 3H
How many pairs of electrons do the two oxygen atoms in an oxygen molecule share with each other? Explain your answer They need 2, because one oxygen atom needs 1 pair so 2 oxygen atoms need 2 pairs
The atomic number of argon is 18. Will argon tend to form bonds ith other elements? Explain your answer No, because it's outermost shell is full
What kind of bond is formed between hydrogen and chlorine atoms? Its an ionic bond
Describe the formation of this bond and the total number of electrons in the orbitals of each energy level Hydrogen is giving and chloride is taking. Hydrogen has 8 and chloride is full
Explain the difference between the following words: Catalysts and enzyme catalyst reduce the amount of activation energy and enzymes speed up metabolic reactions
oxidation reaction and reduction reaction an oxidation reactant loses one or more electrons, in reduction reaction one or more electrons are gained
the state of matter in wich particles move more rapidly is gas
every chemical reaction involves a net release of energy
enzymes do which of the following reduce the activation energy needed for a reaction
Matter Anything that occupies space and has mass
Mass the quantity of matter an object has
elements substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter
nucleus central region and makes up the bulk of the mass of the atom and consists of 2 kinds of subatomical particles, a proton and a neutron
Proton a subatomical particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number the number of protons in an atom.
mass number equal to the toal number of protons.
electrons subatomical particle that has a negative charge
orbital a three dimensional region around a nucleus that indicates a probable location of an electron
isotope atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons.
chemical bonds the attractive forces that hold atoms together
Created by: echapman96
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