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Biology

Genetics

TermDefinition
Gamete Haploid cells capable of fusion. Translate genes from one generation to the next in sexual reproduction.
Fertilisation The union of two gametes to form a single cell called a zygote
Alleles Different forms of the same gene
Dominant The allele that prevents the recessive allele from being expressed
Recessive The allele that is prevented from being expressed by a dominant allele
Phenotype The physical makeup/appearance of an organism
Genotype The genetic make up of an organism
Homozygous The alleles are identical. Also known as pure breeding.
Heterozygous The alleles are different
Progeny Offspring that are produced
Co-Dominance Neither allele is dominant or recessive with respect to the other. Both alleles are equally expressed in the heterozygous genotype to produce an intermediate phenotype
Law of Segregation States that inherited characteristics are controlled by pairs of alleles. These alleles segregate at gene formation with one member from each pair being found in a gene
Monohybrid cross Involves the study of a single characteristic
Dihybrid cross Involves the study of two characteristics
Law of Independant assortment States that either one of a pair of alleles is equally likely to join with either of another pair of alleles
Linkage Genes are located on the same chromosome
Sex Linkage A characteristic is controlled by a gene on an X chromosome
Created by: robweston
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