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Photosynthesis/Cells
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does photosynthesis do? | Converts sun energy into chemical energy usable by cells |
| Autotrophs | Self feeding, organisms that make their own food |
| Photoautotrophs | Uses sun energy, makes organic compounds from light |
| Chemouatotrophs | Uses chemical energy, makes organic compounds from chemical energy contained in sulfide or methane |
| Where does photosynthesis take place? | In the chloroplast |
| Photosystem | Light capturing unit |
| Electron transport system | Electron carrier molecules that shuttle electrons |
| Heterotrophs | Take energy from outside sources, can't make it's own energy |
| Cellular respiration | Transformation of chemical energy in food into chemical energy cells can use |
| What can cellular respiration do? | Breaks down glucose in the cytoplasm |
| Two types of cellular respiration: | 1. Anaerobic cellular respiration (fermentation) 2. Aerobic cellular respiration |
| Anaerobic cellular respiration | -No oxygen used -Some organisms thrive with little or no oxygen -No more ATP needed |
| Aerobic cellular respiration | -Needs oxygen -Reactions occur in the mitochondria |
| Kreb's Cycle | -Completes the breakdown of glucose -Production of only 2 more ATP -Loads up the coenzymes with H+ and electrons |
| Electron transport chain | -Electrons and protons from the Kreb's cycle move to these steps (staircase) - Energy is released when electrons are dropped down stairs -Oxygen waits at bottom of staircase, and becomes water |
| What are the stages of cellular respiration in the order they occur? | -Glycoisis -Citric acid cycle -Electron transport chain |
| Name the molecules that go into and come out of Glycolysis reactions | In - sugar Out - pyruvate |
| What are the electron carrier molecules of respiration? | FADH2 and NADH |
| Describe ATP production in aerobic | 2 ATP made in glycolysis 2 ATP made in Kreb's cycle 32 ATP made in the electron transport chain |
| Describe ATP production in anaerobic respiration | 4 ATP made 2 are used for a net gain of 2 ATP |
| Name the molecules that go into and come out of lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation | In pyruvate, NADH and ATP Out lactic acid, NAD+ and ADP or ethyl alcohol, NAD+ and ADP |
| Why is anaerobic respiration faster than aerobic respiration? | Fewer steps than aerobic respiration |
| Where does the energy for the glycolysis reaction come from? | ATP |
| What does glycolysis mean? | Sugar splitting |
| What process occurs in chloroplast? | Photosynthesis |
| What process occurs in mitochondria? | Aerobic respiration |
| What is the purpose of fermentation? | Recycle NAD+ from NADH |
| List the organisms that use fermentation only and organisms that use aerobic respiration to break down sugar | -Yeast and bacteria use fermentation only -Eukaryotes use aerobic respiration |
| What is the purpose of O2 in respiration? | It is the electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain |
| What is the ancient pathway for producing ATP? | Glycolysis |
| What are the two types of fermentation, how many ATP do they produce and in what organism do they occure? | 1. Lactic acid fermentation, 2 ATP, bacteria and animals 2. Alcoholic fermentation, 2 ATP, yeast |
| What is the product of alcoholic fermentation? | Ethyl alcohol |
| What is the product of lactic acid fermentation? | Lactic acid |
| Of the stages of aerobic respiration, which one is involved in fermentation? | Glycolysis |
| Why are their only two ATp produced by fermentation? | Two of the four are used |
| What does aerobic mean? | Uses oxygen |
| What does anaerobic mean? | With out oxygen |
Created by:
kieren1
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