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CNS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Brain protections | cranium, meninges, cerebral spinal fluid, Blood Brain barrier. |
| Spinal tap | a needle is inserted in the lumbar region to remove cerebral spinal fluid as a treatment or for diagnosis |
| West Nile Virus | virus transmitted by mosquitos • Commonly found in tropical/temperate climates •80% of those infected have no symptoms •Those with symptoms – usually flu-like •RARELY – meningitis/encephalitis |
| cerebral palsy | Problems with voluntary muscle movements because of damage to developing brain (often before birth) •Symptoms: Stiff muscles, exaggerated reflexes, lack of coordination, involuntary movements |
| hydrocephalus | increased amount of CSF in ventricles of brain that causes swelling of head |
| Meningitis | inflammation of the linings of the brain and spinal cord •Tests: blood cultures, x-rays, LUMBAR PUNCTURE •Symptoms: Severe headache, Stiff neck, Nausea/Vomiting |
| Multiple Sclerosis | chronic autoimmune disease that attacks myelin sheaths •Symptoms: Weakness of extremities, Numbness, Double vision, Speech problems |
| Parkinson's disease | idiopathic disease where dopamine producing cells slowly die •Symptoms: Tremors, Slow movement, Shuffling gait, Muscular rigidity, Dementia in late stages |
| Poliomelitis | contagious viral disease of nerve - almost eradicated in US because of vaccine •Flu-like symptoms that may lead to paralysis and death |
| Alzheimer's Disease | Idiopathic degenerative disease where nerve endings in cerebrum deteriorate •Usually Elderly •Symptoms: Memory loss, Personality changes, Impaired reasoning, Late – loss of physical functions |
| Epilepsy | caused by excessive uncontrolled electrical activity in brain •diagnosed with EEG •Symptoms: Hallucinations, Seizures, sometimes loss of consciousness |
| Types of memory storage | Long term and short term memory |
| Factors influencing transfer of STM to LTM | emotional state, repetition, association, |
| Declarative memory | memory of facts and events, and refers to those memories that can be consciously recalled |
| Procedural memory | The unconscious memory of skills and how to do things, particularly the use of objects or movements of the body |
| lumbar puncture | also called a spinal tap. A needle is inserted in the lumbar region to remove a cerebral spinal fluid. |
| concussion | an alteration of brain function after a blow to the head. |
| Cerebral vascular accident | also called a stroke. Blood circulation to an area of the brain is blocked because of a artery is blocked or ruptures. |
| cerebral edema | swelling of the brain |
| subdural hematoma | blood accumulating in brain cavity increasing pressure on the brain. |
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