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Honors Week 7

Punnett Squares and blood type

QuestionAnswer
ABO blood type a classification system for the antigens of human blood; used in blood transfusion therapy
Allele an alternative form of a gene
Autosome A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining gender
Carrier An individual who is heterozygous for a recessive gene that predisposes for a hereditary disease.
Codominant phenotypic situation in which both alleles are expressed in the heterozygote.
Dominant trait that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous.
F1 generation resulting immediately from a cross of the first set of parents
F2 generation the result of a cross between two F1 individuals
Fertilization Sexual reproduction. The combination of the egg and sperm.
Gene The genetic information in the chromosomes that determines a trait
Genetics The study of the patterns of inheritance of specific traits.
Genotype The combination of or genes that represent a particular trait.
Heterozygous Having two different alleles for a specific trait.
homologous chromosomes chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and the genes they carry.
Homozygous Having two of the same alleles for a specific trait.
incomplete dominance neither allele is dominant; a blending of the two create a new phenotype
independent assortment Mendel's second law, stating that each allele pair segregates independently during gamete formation
inheritance the acquisition of traits genetically transmitted from parents to offspring
multiple allele Typically, there are only two alleles for a gene in a diploid organism. The presence of multiple alleles is best illustrated by the ABO blood group system
phenotype The physical characteristics or observable traits from the genotype.
Punnett Square Shows how genes combine. Shows the probability of genotypes
Recessive Hidden trait. Two recessive traits will show that trait.
test cross Breeding of an organism of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype.
Created by: nbctbio
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