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Photo & Respiration
Photosynthesis, Respiration and Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | Process in which light energy is converted into chemical energy of organic compounds (food) |
| Why is Photosynthesis important? | Give energy to organisms and oxygen |
| Glucose | Gives energy |
| Starch | Glucose is stored as |
| Photosynthesis Equation | Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight -> Glucose + Oxygen |
| Cuticule | A waxy covering that helps to prevent water loss |
| Epidermis | An outer layer on the top and bottom of a leaf that is about a cell thick |
| Stomata | Openings in lower epidermis that allows CO2, O2, and H2O vapor in and out of the leaf |
| Guard Cell | Regulate size of stomata to help to prevent water loss |
| Palisade Layer | The long cells that has more chloroplasts → more photosynthesis |
| Sponge Layer | Contains open spaces with less chloroplasts → less photosynthesis |
| Mesophyll | Between upper and lower epidermis |
| Vascular Tissue / Veins | Xylem and Phloem |
| Xylem | Transports water through plant |
| Phloem | Transports food throughout the plant |
| White Light | All the colors of the rainbow |
| ROYGBIV | Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet |
| Why are plants green? | They absorb all the colors except green which they reflect. |
| Cellular Respiration | The process in which the chemical energy stored in organic compounds (glucose) is released |
| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate. It is produced during cell respiration |
| ADP | Adenosine Diphosphate, contains only 2 phosphate groups |
| Aerobic Respiration | Oxygen is used to create energy it is very efficient |
| Cellular Respiration Equation | Glucose + Oxygen -> ATP + Carbon Dioxide + Water |
| Anaerobic Respiration | Oxygen is NOT used to make ATP instead fermentation takes place. |
| Ethyl Alcohol Fermentation | Occurs in yeast and bacteria and is used in brewing and baking industries |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | Occurs in animals as a results in buildup of lactic acid in muscle cells |
| Nose / Nasal Passage | Lined with a ciliate mucus membrane that warm, moisten and filter the air |
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Larynx | Voice box that contain the vocal cords |
| Epiglottis | Muscular flap that covers the trachea when swallowing food or liquid to prevent it from entering the lungs |
| Trachea | the windpipe that is lined with ciliated mucous membranes |
| Bronchi | 2 main branches enter lungs |
| Alveoli | Air Sacs that are surrounded by capillaries where gas exchange occurs |
| Diaphragm | Sheet of muscle underneath the lungs that aids in breathing |
| Inhalation | Air traveling into the lungs |
| Exhalation | Air being pushed out of the lungs |
| Medulla Oblongata | Controls the rate of breathing by monitoring the CO2 levels of blood |
| Pneumonia | An infection and inflammation of the lungs when the alveoli fill with fluid and mucus resulting in coughing and difficulty breathing |
| Asthma | An allergic reaction that results in the construction of bronchial muscles which reduces the amount of air able to get into the lungs |
| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the bronchi results in the over - secrete mucus and causes coughing and difficulty breathing |
| Emphysema | the air sacs lose their elasticity and breakdown, which results in less gas exchange. It is caused by smoking |
Created by:
CMacKay16
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