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Biology SLO Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Unicellular | one cell |
| Multicellular | more than one cell |
| Eukaryotic | cells with a nucleus |
| Prokaryotic | cells without a nucleus |
| Mitosis | reproduction for eukaryotic cells where nucleus dissolves and reforms and chromosomes are copied |
| Sexual reproduction | reproduction where chromosomes are new mix of both parents |
| Daughter cells | the two new cells that are created during reproduction |
| How do plants reproduce? | both sexually and asexually |
| How have plants adapted to reproduce better and what is the benefit of each? | sexually insures new chromosomes while asexually is an exact copy. |
| What are typical body plans for plants? | radial |
| How do animals typically reproduce? | sexually |
| Anterior | front side |
| distal | away from body |
| posterior | backside |
| caudal | tail |
| dorsal | top |
| proximal | towards body |
| cranial | head |
| lateral | side |
| ventral | underneath |
| Radial | body parts organized around a central point |
| Bilateral | mirror halves |
| Asymmetry | no body plan |
| Organization of Life | cells->tissue->organs->organ systems->organisms |
| Cells | basic unit of life. |
| Tissue | group of similar cells working together |
| Organs | group of different tissues working together to perform a specific job |
| organ system | Many organs working together to perform a specific job |
| organism | A living thing that carries out its own life activities |
| What is the function of a nucleus? | Controls the function of a cell. |
| What is the function of the nucleolus? | Produces Ribosome. |
| What is the function of a chromosome? | Controls growth and reproduction. |
| What is the function of a ribosome? | Produces proteins. |
| What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? | Transports proteins throughout the cell. |
| What is the function of the golgi complex? | Packages proteins. |
| What is the function of the cytoplasm? | Jelly-like fluid that supports the organelles within a cell. |
| What is the function of a the cell membrane? | Controls movement into and out of the cell. |
| What is the function of a lysosome? | Removes waste from the cell. |
| What is the function of a vacuole? | Stores water, waste and other raw materials. |
| What is the function of the mitochondria? | Provides energy to the cell. |
| What is the function of a chloroplast? | The location of photosynthesis in a plant cell. |
| What is the function of a cell wall? | Provides support and protection to plant cells. |
| What is the primary shape of a plant cell and how does this compare to an animal cell? | Plants are rectangular while animals are circular. |
| What process can plant cells do that animal cells cannot? | Plants can perform photosynthesis while animals cannot. |
| Which organelle do plants have only a large one vs. animals have many small ones? | Vacuole |
| What provides plants support and protection but is missing in animal cells? | a cell wall |
| What is a eukaryotic cell? | a cell with a nucleus such as plant and animal cells. |
| What is a prokaryotic cell? | cells without nucleus such as bacteria. |
| What does the cell theory say about where cells come from? | Cells come from other cells. |
| What does the cell theory say is the basic unit of life? | the cell |
| What is the smallest number of cells needed for an organism to be alive? | one |
| Over many generations polar bears grow bigger feet to allow it to easily walk on ice, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can adapt. |
| When a bee gets angry when it's hive is disturbed, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can respond |
| When a female dog has puppies, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can reproduce. |
| When a human starts as a baby but becomes an adult, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can grow and develop. |
| Schleiden and Schwann proved that plants and animals are made of these. | This is what type of living characteristic? Living things are made of cells. |
| When wolves attack cattle (cows) for food, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can obtain and use energy. |
| Prokaryotic cells | do not have a nucleus |
| Eukaryotic cells | have a nucleus |
| what does multi-cellular mean? | More than 1 cell |
| What is osmosis? | the diffusion of water |
| What is diffusion? | The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration. |
| What does semi-permeable mean? | Only certain things can get in or out. |
| Which organelle is semi-permeable? | the cell membrane. |
| List the 6 stages of mitosis. | Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis |
| The "resting" phase of mitosis | Interphase |
| Nucleus breaks apart; chromosomes look like a bowl of spaghetti | Prophase |
| Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. | Metaphase |
| Chromosomes move to each side of the cell. Copied ones on a side and original on the other side. | Anaphase |
| Nucleus begins to reform around each set of chromosomes. | Telophase |
| Cell pinches off creating two new daughter cells. | Cytokinesis |
| sexual reproduction | two parent reproduction resulting in different offspring. |
| asexual reproduction | single parent reproduction resulting in identical offspring. |
| sexual reproduction advantage | offspring are different |
| sexual reproduction disadvantage | slow process taking months to create offspring |
| asexual reproduction advantage | fast process taking minutes to hours to create offspring |
| asexual reproduction disadvantage | offspring are identical |
Created by:
sdscience6
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