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Biochemistry vocabul
vocabulary words
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Mono | one |
DI | two |
Poly | many |
DE | to remove/ take away |
OSE | sugar |
ASE | enzyme |
Saccharide | sugar |
Hydro/a | water |
Dehydrate | to remove water |
Lysis | to "break" down |
Synthesis | to build or put together |
Glyco | sweet |
Hydrolysis | breaking something down with water. |
Dehydration synthesis | putting something together by removing the water |
Inorganic compunds | compounds having either carbon or hydrogen |
Organic compounds | compounds having both carbon or hydrogen |
Lipids (fats) | organic molecules that can't be dissolved in water. They are made of glycerol and fatty acids |
Proteins | organic molecules that are needed for growth and repair and are made of chains pf amino acids |
Carbohydrates | organic compounds that are the main source of energy for body and made of simple sugars |
Nucleic Acids | Organic substances found in organisms. They are made of nucleotides |
Amino Acids | subunits or building blocks of proteins |
Peptide | molecule composed of two or more amino acids in a chain |
Enzymes | organic molecules that control the rate/speed of chemical reactions |
Catalyst | compound that speeds up or slows down chemical reaction |
Denature | changing the shape of the enzymes |
DNA | hereditary material in the nucleus of almost every cell |
RNA | nucleic acids that assist DNA in making protein |
Monomer | molecule that makes up the subunit of polymer (EX: glucose + glucose) |
Polymer | macromolecule (BIG) made up of many monomers |
Glycogen | molecule in which glucose is stored in the liver |