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Cells
Biology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
monomers | single, individual building blocks |
polymers | made up by many monomers |
amino acids | monomers of proteins |
nucleotides | monomers of nucleic acids |
fatty acids | monomers of lipids |
glucose | monomer of starches |
Robert Hooke | discovered cells in 1665 |
cell theory principle #1 | all living things are made of cells |
cell theory principle #2 | cells are the basic units of life |
cell theory principle #3 | new cells are created from existing cells |
eukaryotes | cells found in animals and plants |
prokaryotes | cells found in bacteria |
plant cells | contain cell walls and chloroplasts |
animal cells | do not contain cell walls or chloroplasts |
nucleus | controls most of the cell's functions |
cell membrane | regulates what enters and exits the cell |
ribosomes | produce proteins |
smooth endoplasmic reticulum | makes cell membrane and modifies proteins |
lysosomes | break down food particles |
chloroplasts | perform photosynthesis |
mitochondria | perform cellular respiration |
ATP | has 3 phosphate groups |
ADP | has 2 phosphate groups |
cellular respiration | creates energy by adding a third phosphate group to ADP, turning it into ATP |
photosynthesis | using the sun's energy to produce food for the plant |
cellular respiration equation | C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy |
photosynthesis equation | 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |