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Chapter 4 Bio Test

Study Guide for chapter 4

QuestionAnswer
transfers energy to cell processes ATP
lower energy molecule that can be converted into ATP ADP
process by which some organisms use chemical energy instead of light energy to make energy storing carbon-based molecules Chemosynthesis
a process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy Photosynthesis
a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in visible light Chlorophyll
coin shaped; membrane-enclosed compartments Thylakoids
capture energy from sunlight - take place within and across the membrane of the thylakoids Light-Dependent Reactions
use energy from the light-dependent reactions to make sugars - occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts Light-Independent Reactions
two groups of molecules - photosystem I & photosystem II Photosystems
series of protein in the membrane of the thylakoid Electron Transport Chain
makes ATP by adding phosphate groups to ADP ATP Synthase
process by which a photosynthetic organism uses energy to synthesize simple sugars from CO2 Calvin Cycle
releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present Cellular Respiration
process that requires oxygen to occur Aerobic
splits glucose into two three-carbon molecules and makes two molecules of ATP Glycolysis
does not need oxygen to take place Anaerobic
produces molecules that carry energy to the second part of cellular respiration Krebs Cycle
does not make ATP, but allows glycolysis to continue Fermentation
what causes your muscles to "burn" during hard exercise Lactic Acid
Created by: victoriapyatt
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