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Geraud Chapter 2

Chapter 2 Key Terms

QuestionAnswer
cell wall rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants and most bacteria.
cytoplasm gel-like mixture inside the cell in which organelles move about.
cell membrane protective outer covering of all cells that regulates what enters and exits the cell.
nucleus organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material and DNA.
organelles structures in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that perform different jobs for the cell.
mitochondria cell organelle that breaks down food and releases energy.
endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasmic organelle that moves materials around in a cell.
cytoskeleton rigid structure inside of animal cells that helps keep their shape.
tissue group of similar cells that work together to do one job.
prokaryotic a type of cell that does not have organelles such as a bacteria.
eukaryotic a type of cell that does have organelles such as an animal or plant cell.
golgi bodies organelles that package cellular materials and transport them within the cell or out of the cell.
vacuoles organelles that store materials such as water, food or waste.
lysosomes organelles that recycle old cell parts and waste.
cell smallest unit of an organism that can carry on life functions.
organ structure, such as the heart, made up of different types of tissues that all work together.
organ system group of organs that work together to do a job such as the digestive system.
organism any living thing.
microscope a tool used to magnify small objects such as cells.
electron microscope powerful microscopes that can magnify up to 1,000,000x
cell theory states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells.
vaccine a way to prevent the spread of viruses by injecting a weakened virus into the body to build a defense against the virus.
common cold virus a common virus that has no vaccine.
gene therapy a way to use a virus to insert missing genetic information into a patient with a genetic disorder.
host cell what a virus needs in order to make new viruses.
latent virus a virus that is not active but at any time could be activated in the body such as a cold sore.
Created by: geraud.aaron
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