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Eco Evo Exam 3(c.11)
Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Spacial structure | The pattern of density and spacing of individuals in a population. |
| Fundamental niche | The range of abiotic conditions under which species can persist. |
| Realized niche | The range of abiotic and biotic conditions under which a species persists. |
| Geographic range | A measure of the total area covered by a population. |
| Ecological niche modeling | The process of determining the suitable habitat conditions for a species. |
| Ecological envelope | The range of ecological conditions that are predicted to be suitable for a species. |
| Endemic | Species that live in a single, often isolated, location. |
| Cosmopolitan | Species with very large geographic ranges that can span several continents. |
| Abundance | The total number of individuals in a population that exist within a defined area. |
| Density | In a population, the number of individuals per unit area or volume. |
| Dispersion | The spacing of individuals with respect to one another within the geographic range of a population. |
| Clustered dispersion | A pattern of population dispersion in which individuals are aggregated in discrete groups. |
| Evenly spaced dispersion | A pattern of dispersion of a population in which each individual maintains a uniform distance between itself and its neighbors. |
| Random dispersion | A pattern of dispersion of a population in which the position of each individual is independent of the position of other individuals in the population. |
| Dispersal | The movement of individuals from one area to another. |
| Census | Counting every individual in a population. |
| Survey | Counting a subset of the population. |
| Area- and volume-based surveys | Surveys that define the boundaries of an area or volume and then count all of the individuals in the space. |
| Lin-transect surveys | Surveys that count the number of individuals observed as one moves along a line. |
| Mark-recapture survey | A method of population estimation in which researchers capture and mark a subset of a population from an area, return it to the area, and then capture a second sample of the population after some time has passed. |
| Lifetime dispersal distance | The average distance an individual moves from where it was hatched or born to where it reproduces. |
| Dispersal limitation | The absence of a population from suitable habitat because of barriers to dispersal. |
| Habitat corridor | A strip of favorable habitat located between two large patches of habitat that facilitates dispersal. |
| Ideal free distribution | When individuals distribute themselves among different habitats in a way that allows them to have the same per capita benefit. |
| Subpopulations | When a larger population is broken up into smaller groups that live in isolated patches. |
| Basic metapopulation model | A model that describes a scenario in which there are patches of suitable habitat embedded within a matrix of unsuitable habitat. |
| Source-sink metapopulation model | A population model that builds upon the basic metapopulation model and accounts for the fact that not all patches of suitable habitat are of equal quality. |
| Source subpopulations | In high-quality habitats, subpopulations that serve as a source of dispersers within a metapopulation. |
| Sink subpopulations | In low-quality habitats, subpopulations that rely on outside dispersers to maintain the subpopulation within a metapopulation. |
| Lanscape metapopulation model | A population model that considers both differences in the quality of the suitable patches and the quality of the surrounding matrix. |
Created by:
BriawnaW
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