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BMLT
Lab 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Formed from megakaryocytes residing in the bone marrow; released into peripheral blood | platelets (thrombocytes) |
| how long to platelets circulate? what are they removed by? | 9-12 days; liver and spleen |
| What are the 3 zones of a platelet? | peripheral, sol-gel, organelle |
| Direct contact with blood, coagulation factors interact here, stickiness | peripheral |
| microtubules and microfilaments; shape changes | sol-gel |
| platelet metabolism | organelle |
| What are the 3 main functions of a platelet? | 1. maintain vascular epithelium 2. respond to vascular injury by producing platelet plug 3. participate in plasma coagulation and help form fibrin clot |
| Reference value for normal peripheral blood platelet count | 150,000-450,000/mm^3 (ul) |
| How do you collect a satisfactory peripheral blood specimen for use in platelet counts? | venous blood; EDTA anticoagulant |
| Red blood cell diluting pipette | Capillary tube |
| Platelet diluting fluid | 1% ammonium oxalate |
| Functions of platelet diluting fluid | lyse RBCs, dilute out WBCs and platelets |
| Charge hemocytometer | pipette at a 45 degree angle, tip at edge of coverglass, squeeze a drop of fluid and capillary action will draw it in |
| How do you prevent double counting of platelets? | Don't count platelets on the bottom or right border, count them if at the top or left border |
| What is hemostasis | The process which has evolved to prevent spontaneous bleeding and stop bleeding that has been initiated by trauma |
| vasoconstriction | vascular |
| diversion of blood flow around an injured area | vascular |
| activating platelets | vascular |
| activating coagulation system when a clot is required | vascular |
| maintenance of health vascular epithelial cells by releasing an endothelial growth factor | platelet |
| stoppage of bleeding by forming platelet plug | platelet |
| creation of stable hemostatic plug | platelet |
| coagulation factors form fibrin | coagulation |
| coagulation cascade | coagulation |
| extrinsic and intrinsic pathways and common pathway | coagulation |
| plasmin degrades fibrin and reestablishes blood flow | fibrinolytic |
| promotes healing | fibrinolytic |
| PT | prothrombin time |
| used to monitor action of extrinsic system | prothrombin time |
| APTT | Activated partial thromboplastin time |
| evaluates function of intrinsic system | APTT |
| what is the anticoagulant used in a one-stage PT | sodium citrate, blue tube top |
| Whats the difference btwn serum and plasma | serum is plasma without clotting proteins |
| what type of patient sample is used in a one-stage PT | venous blood |
| typical reference value for PT | 10-13 seconds |
| What reagent is used to preform a PT; what substances in it cause it to clot? | thromboplastin - CaCl2 reagent; calcium and thromboplastin factor III |
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