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Intro to Biology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Biologist | Anyone who uses the scientific method to study living things |
DNA | Molecule that stores all the information an organism needs to live and is passed onto future generations |
Homestasis | Relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions |
Stimulus | A signal to which an organism responds (change in homeostasis) |
Irritability | The ability to respond to homeostasis |
Sexual | Genetic material comes from 2 |
Asexual | Genetic material comes from 1 |
Metaboism | Total sum of all chemical reactions that take place in an organism |
Anabolism | Putting together complex substances from simpler ones |
Catabolism | Breakdown of complex substances into simpler ones, usually with a release of energy |
Structure | What is it made of |
Function | Why does it help it to do what it does (purpose) |
Tomas Malthus | Humans are overcrowding the planet, only forces keeping us in check are war, famine, disease, if the population keeps growing it is unsustainable |
Breeder in agriculture | Selective breeding (artificial selection) |
Struggle for existence | Organisms must compete to obtain food, living space, and needs |
Adaptions | heritable characteristics that increase an organisms ability to survive and reproduce in its enviornment |
Survival of the fittest | differences in adaptations affect an individuals fitness |
Fitness | Describes how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment |
Survival | Means reproducing and passing adaptations to the next generation |
Biogeography | study of where organisms live now and where ancestors lived in the past |
Fossil record | explains why organisms that lived long ago are different from the ones we see today |
Homologous structures | structures shared by related species that have been shared by a common ancestor |
Vestigial structures | inheited from ancestors but have lost most or all of their original function due to different selection pressures |
Embryology | similar patterns of embryological development |
Genetics and Molecular Biology | common code of DNA and RNA , common genes and close DNA sequences |
Characteristics of life | Is based on a universal code (DNA) , grows and develops , responds to their environment , can reproduce , obtain and use energy , made up of cells , evolve |