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BIOLOGY 9/20/17
TERM/DEF
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | basic units of matter |
Electron | negative charged particles |
Element | substance consisting entirely of one type of atom |
Compound | Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions |
Ionic bond | bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
Covalent bond | bond formed by sharing of electrons between atoms |
Cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance |
Adhesion | attraction between molecules of different substances in plants interactions between unlike molecules |
Mixture | material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
Solution | mixture of 2 or more substances in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed |
Acid | compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution |
Base | compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH+) in solution |
Buffer | weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp sudden changes in pH |
Monomer | small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers |
Polymers | large compound formed from combination of many monomers |
Carbohydrates | compound made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms major source of energy for the human body |
Lipid | macromolecule made mainly from carbon & hydrogen atoms includes fats oils and waxes |
Nucleic acid | macromolecule containing hydrogen oxygen nitrogen carbon & phophorus |
RNA | single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar of ribosomes |
Protein | macromolecule that contains carbon hydrogen oxygen & nitrogen need by the body for growth and repair & to make up enzymes |
Amino acid | compound with amino group on one end & a carboxyl group of the other end |
Catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
Enzyme | protein that acts as a biological catalyst |
Substance | Reactant of an enzyme catalyzed reaction |