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Unit 1 ch4

TermDefinition
Organelles The membrane enclosed structures within eukaryotic cells
Cell fractionation A useful technique for studying cell structure and function
Cytosol A semigloss jelly like substance
Eukaryotic cell Plant / animal cells
Prokaryotic cells Bacteria / archaea
Nucleoid A Twiin that is not bounded by a membrane (found in prokaryotic cells ONLY)
Cytoplasm The interior of either type of cell
Plasma membrane A selective barrier that allows passage of enough oxygen nutrients and enough wastes to service the entire cell
Nuclear envelope Enclosed the nucleus
Nuclear lamina A netlike array or protein filaments
Chromosomes Structures that carry genetic info
Chromatin The complex of DNA and protein making up chromosomes
Endomembrane system Inside the eukaryotic cell
Vesicles Sacs made of membrane
Glycoproteins Proteins that have carbohydrates covalently bonded to them
Transport vesicles Vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another
Phagocytosis Amoeba and many other Protista eat by engulfing smaller organisms or food particles
Food vacuoles Formed by phagocytosis
Contractile vacuoles Pump excess water out of the cell
Endosymbiosis theory An early ancestor or eukaryotic cells engulfed and oxygen-using nonphotosynthetic prokaryotic cell
Cristae The inner membrane of mitochondria it is convoluted
Mitochondrial matrix Enclosed by the inner membrane
Thylakoids Flattened interconnected sacs
Granum A stack of thylakoids
Stroma The fluid outside the thylakoids
Plastids Chloroplast is a specialized member or a family of closely related plant organelles
Cytoskeleton A network of fibers extending through the cytoplasm
Motor proteins Moving proteins
Microtubules Hollow rods constructed from a globular protein called tubulin
Centrosome A region that is often located near the nucleus
Cilia / flagella Microtubule containing extensions that project from some cells
Basal body Anchors colony and flagellum
Dyneins Large motor proteins
Microfilaments Thin solid rods aka actin filaments
Middle lamella Between primary walls of adjacent cells
(ECM) extracellular matrix Glycoproteins and other carbohydrates
Collagen The most abundant glycoprotein
Plasmodesmata Membrane lined channels filled with cytosol
Created by: Lohi
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