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Bolvin-L1BioCh12&13

Vocab review of chapters 12 and 13

QuestionAnswer
replication making new DNA using an existing DNA molecule as a template
mRNA type of nucleic acid that carries the recipe to make a protein from the nucleus to the ribosome
tRNA type of nucleic acid that brings a specific amino acid to the ribosome for attachment during protein building
rRNA type of nucleic acid that make up ribosomes
transcription making mRNA from a section of a DNA strand
codon series of three nitrogen bases on mRNA that code for an amino acid
translation reading the mRNA and assembling a protein using its directions
anticodon series of three nitrogen bases on tRNA that are complimentary to the three bases on mRNA that code for an amino acid
point mutation change in DNA that involves a one base being substituted for another, a single codon may be changed
frameshift mutation change in DNA that adds a base or removes a base resulting in a change in the grouping of all the codons after the mutation
chromosomal mutation a change in the DNA in a large chunk of the chromosome, ex. translocation
nondisjunction during crossing over, chromosomes do not separate thus getting inherited together resulting in trisomy or monosomy individuals
genetic engineering humans changing the DNA of an organism to alter it so it has the desired traits
transgenic organism living thing that contains DNA from another species as well as its own
recombinant DNA strand of nucleic acid that contains foreign DNA
Created by: abolvin
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