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Arterial periphery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What arises off the ascending aorta ? | Right and Left Coronary Arteries |
| What are the branches of the Aortic Arch? | Right Immoniate, Left Common Carotid and Left Subclavian Artery |
| What is the Right Immoniate Artery also known as? | Right Brachiocephalic Artery |
| What is the most common variant of 22 % of the Aortic Arch? | Common origin of Right Immoniate artery and Left Common Carotid Artery |
| What is the 2nd branch off of the Aortic Arch? | Left Common Carotid Arterynu |
| What is the 3rd branch of the Aortic Arch? | Left Subclavian Artery |
| Where does the Sublavian Artery terminate at? | Thoracic Outlet |
| What's is the route of the Subclavian Artery? | Runs laterally downward to the outer border of the 1st rib arching above the clavicle and in front of the apex of the lung |
| Where does the Subclavian Artery become the Axillary Artery? | At the lateral margin of the the 1st rib as it travels along the shoulder of the upper arm |
| What are the 4 major branches of the Subclavian Artery? | Vertebral. Thyrocervical. Internal thoracic. Costocervical Arteries |
| What is another name for the Internal Thoracic Artery? | Internal Mammary Artery |
| How many branches does the Axillary have? | Seven |
| What are the 7 branches of the Axillary Artery? | Superior. Thoracic. Thoracoacromial. Lateral Thoracic. Subscapular. Thoracodorsal. Anterior and Posterior Humeral. arteries |
| When does the Axillary Artery become the Brachial Artery? | After the seven branches of the Axillary |
| Where does the Brachial Artery terminate? | 1 cm below the bend of the elbow (ACF) |
| What artery divides into the Radial and Ulnar Arteries? | Brachial Artery |
| What is the route of the Radial Artery? | Runs down the lateral side of the forearm into the hand |
| Where does the Radial Artery terminate at? | In the Deep Palmar Arch |
| What is the branch given off by the Radial Artery? | Superficial Palmar Arch |
| What creates the Deep Palmar Arch? | Distal portion of Radial Artery and the joining of the Deep branch of the Ulnar Artery |
| What is the route of the Ulnar artery? | Run downward in the medial aspect of the forearm into the hand |
| What does the Immoniate Artery divide into? | Right Subclavian Artery and Right Common Carotid Artery |
| Which artery is the predominant source of blood to the hand? | Ulnar Artery |
| What forms the Superficial Palmar Arch? | Branch off the Radial Artery and the distal portion of the Ulnar Artery |
| Where does the Ulnar Artery terminate? | Superficial Palmar Arch |
| What arteries arise from the Palmar Arches? | Digital Arteries |
| What do the Digital Arteries supply? | Fingers |
| What percentage does the Radial Artery (1) and the Ulnar Artery (2) originate from the Axillary Artery? | 1. 1-3% 2. 2-3% |
| What is the 2nd most common variant of the arterial system in the upper extremity? | 19%- Early division of the Brachial Artery |
| What does the Common Femoral Artery divide into? | Superficial Femoral Artery and Deep Femoral Artery |
| Where does the Popliteal Artery branch off at? | Internal between Tibia and Fibula at the lower portion of the Popiteus Muscle |
| What is the most common variant of the arterial system of the lower extremity? | 4-12% Hypoplasia/Alaska of Anterior Tibial Artery with absence of For Pedis Pulse |
| What does the Popliteal Artery and Gastrocnemius Artery supply? | Muscle, Knee Joint and Skin |
| What is the 2nd most common variant of the arterial system of the lower extremity? | 8% Anomalous location of the Dorsalis Pedis Artery |
| What does the External Iliac Artery turn into once it passes underneath the Inguinal Ligament? | Common Femoral Artery |
| What branches from the Anterior Tibial Artery? | Dorsalis Pedis Artery |
| What is the course of the Anterior Tibial Artery? | Passes superficial to inteosseous membrane and Deep in front of the leg along the Anterior surface of inteosseous membrane |
| What branch is the 1st branch off the Popiteal Artery? | Anterior Tibial Artery |
| What are the branches of the Popiteal Artery and what are they known as? | 1. Anterior Tibial Artery 2. Tibioperoneal Trunk Trifurcation |
| What is the course of the External Iliac Artery? | Travels in a lateral and inferior direction along the medial aspect of the poas major muscle |
| What are the 2 branches of the Posterior Tibial Artery and what do they supply? | Lateral and Medial Plantar arteries Supplies sole of foot when bifurcated at below the medial malleolous |
| What branches form the plantar arch and where doe this occur? | Deep Plantar Artery and Lateral Plantar Artery Uniting in the deep sole of the foot. |
| At the dorsum of the foot, what does the Dorsalis Pedis Artery branch into? | 1. 1st Dorsal Metatarsal Artery 2. Deep Plantar Artery |
| What does the Dorsal Metatarsal Arteries supply blood to? | Digits of the foot |
| What creates the Hunters Canal? | Confluence of the quadriceps and addicted muscles in distal thigh |
| What is the Hunters Canal for? | Channel for the Femoral vessels |
| What is the course of the Posterior Tibial Artery? | Extends obliquely down the Posterior aspect of the calf to the medial side of the leg into the foot |
| What arteries are formed from the Tibioperoneal trunk? | 1. Posterior Tibal Artery 2. Peroneal Artery |
| What % of the time does the Popliteal Artery have a high bifurcation? | 4% |
| Cab the Peroneal Artery arise from the Anterior Tibial Artery? | 2% have a high bifurcation of the Popiteal Artery |
| What is the course of the Superficial Femoral Artery? | Runs the length of the thigh entering the Popiteal fossa behind the knee |
| What is the well-known landmark for the termination of the Femoral Artery (superficial) | Hunters Canal (adductor canal) |
| What is the adductor hiatus and what is it commonly referred to? | Gap in the adductor Magnus muscle Aka Hunters Canal |
| What is the Deep Femoral Artery also know as? | Profunda Femoris |
| What arteries arise off the Popiteal Artery when it first travels from the Hunters Canal? | Gastrocnemius Artery and the Genicular Branches |
| What is the course of the Peroneal Artery? | Passes toward the fibula and travels down medial side of the bone. |
| What branches does the Digital Artery brand into? | Lateral Digital Artery Medial Digital Artery |
| What does the Peroneal Artery supply? | Structures in the lateral side of the leg and in the calcaneal region of the foot. |
| What does the Common Iliac Artery divide into? | Right and Left Internal Iliac (hypogastric) Right and Left External Iliac Artery |
| What location does the Common Iliac bifurcates? | At lumbarsacral junction About 5 cm from bifurcation inferior from it's origin |
| What 2 vessels does the Internal Iliac Vessel divide into? | Anterior and Posterior Iliac Artery |
| Where does the Internal Iliac divide? | 3-4 cm in length at upper margin of greater sciatic foramen |
| What vessel is a continuation of the Common Iliac Artery? | External Iliac Artery |
| What is the course of the Deep Femoral Artery (profunda)? | Arises 5 cm from the inguinal ligament off the Femoral Artery on the lateral side. |
| What do the Common Iliac Artery supply? | Pelvis Abdominal wall Lower limbs |
| What does the Internal Iliac Artery supply blood to? | Pelvis wall Pelvic viscera Thigh Gluteal muscle Perineum |
| What is the order form prox to distal of the aorta? | Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending aorta Abdominal aorta |
| Where does the ascending aorta arise from? | Left ventricle of the heart |
| What are the 3 branches if the celiac artery? | Left gastric artery Splenic artery Common hepatic artery |
| Where is the superior mesenteric artery located and what does the celiac artery share? | 1 cm distal to celiac artery A common trunk |
| What is common variant of the renal arteries? | Can be multiple |
| What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta? | Right and Left Common Iliac artery |
| What does the Inferior Mesenteric Artery supply? | Left half transverse colon Descending colon Iliac Sigmoid colon Part of rectum |
| What artery and where on the artery dies the Inferior Epigastric Artery arise from? | External Iliac Artery Just above the inguinal ligament |
| What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta? | Right and Left Common Iliac Artery |
| What are the 3 major parietal branches of the abdominal aorta? | Inferior Phrenic artery Lumbar arteries Middle sacral artery |
| What are the 5 anterior branches of the abdominal aorta? | Celiac Artery Superior Mesenteric Artery Gonads Artery Inferior Mesenteric Artery Medial Sacral Artery |
| What is the pathway of the descending thoracic aorta? | Extends downward from aortic arch to just above diaphragm |
| Where is right renal artery located? | Posterior to right renal vein and ivc in the mid/distal segments |
| Where does the IMA arise from? | Distal aorta 3-4 cm above Aorta bifurcation |
| What is the landmark for the left renal artery? | Left renal vein, which lies anterior to the renal artery |
| What does the Superior Mesenteric Artery supply blood to? | Small intestine Cexum Ascending colon Part of transverse colon |
| What does the celiac artery feed? | Stomach Liver Pancreas Duodenum Spleen |
| What is the aortic arch formed by? | Ascending Aorta |
| Why are capillaries considered the most vital part of circulation system? | Through the walls of the capillaries that nutrients/waste products are exchanged between tissue and blood to maintain consistency |
| What do the Vasa Vasorum do? | Carry blood to and from the walls of larger arteries |
| What layer contains the Vasa Vasorum? | External Layer (adventia) |
| What do capillaries consist of, measure in length and diameter? | 1. Endothelial cells 2. Not much more than a millimeter long 3. 8-10 micron in diameter |
| What do arterioles do? | Transport gases and nutrient and other essential substances to capillaries |
| What are arterioles? | Resistive vessels that help regulate blood flow by contracting and relaxing |
| What are the 3 layers of the Arterial wall? | 1. Inner - tunica intima 2. Middle - tunica media 3. Outer - tunica externa |
| What is the most outer layer wall of an artery and what does it consist of? | Tunica (adventia) externa Thinner than media Contains white fibrous connective tissue and at times smooth muscle fibers in longitudinal pattern |
| What is the inner most layer of the arterial wall and what does it consist of? | Tunica intima Thin Consist of surface layer of smooth endothelium over a base membrane and connective tissue |
| What is the middle layer of the arterial wall and what is it consist of? | Intermediate layer Tunica media Thicker and composed of smooth muscle/connective tissue of elastic type in circular pattern |
Created by:
krwcaw01
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