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Unit 12
Human Genetics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Tay Sachs Disease | Lethal dominant gene won't break down gangliosides in nerve cells, therefore the build up and burst through the neuron Genetic |
Cystic Fibrosis | Lethal most common in the US Produce too much mucus in the body recessive gene homozygous recessive Genetic |
Huntington's Disease | Lethal Genetic Dominant gene motor neurons are being destroyed, usually notice by age 35 which the genes have already been passed down by then. |
Fragile X | Causes the chromosome to bend, found at the end of a x chromosome, leading genetic cause for mental retardation, causes excess of cartilage in there face Sex-linked inheritance |
Colorblindness | Sex-lined inheritance Recessive allele, cannot differentiate between green&blue, red&yellow |
Polygenic | Dependent upon alleles in two or more gene pairs |
Multiple Allelic | Referring to a single gene pair in which there are more than two possible alleles |
Albinism | A group of inherited disorders characterized by little or no melanin production. Pleiotropic and Epistatic Autosomal Recessive |
Epistatic | an allele in one gene pair alters the expression of one or more alleles in other gene pairs. |
Pleiotropic | one allele produces multiple phenotypes |
Chromosomal Disjunction | a chromosome separates from its homologous during meiosis |
Chromosomal Nondisjunction | a chromosome fails to separate from its homologous during meiosis (3 instead of 2 chromosome) |
Monosomy | the condition of having a diploid chromosome complement in which one (usually the X) chromosome lacks its homologous partner. |
Trisomy | a condition in which an extra copy of a chromosome is present in the cell nuclei, causing developmental abnormalities. |
Turner's Syndrome | A chromosomal disorder in which a female is born with only one X chromosome |
Klinefelters Syndrome | A genetic condition in which a male is born with an extra copy of the X chromosome |
Down Syndrome | A genetic chromosome 21 disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays. |