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Macromolecules
Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In biochemistry, what does the term "organic" mean? | molecule contains Carbon |
| What reaction occurs when monomers are combined to form polymers? | condensation or dehydration synthesis |
| What reaction occurs when polymers are broken down into monomers? | hydrolysis |
| What elements are found in all four macromolecules? | Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen |
| What is the main function of carbohydrates? | immediate source of energy |
| What is the monomer of a carbohydrate? | monosaccharide |
| Which type of carbohydrate has this formula -- C6H12O6? | monosaccharides |
| Which polysaccharide is stored in plant cell walls to provide structural support? | cellulose |
| In what form do plants store excess glucose? | starch |
| In what form do animals store excess glucose? | glycogen |
| What molecule is formed when two monosaccharides combine? | disaccharides |
| Fats, oils, waxes and steroids are examples of __. | lipids |
| What does hydrophobic mean? | does not dissolve in water |
| Which macromolecule is hydrophobic? | lipids |
| Which macromolecule provides the body with long-term energy? | lipids |
| What molecule forms two layers in the cell membrane to help regulate cellular transport? | phospholipids |
| Which macromolecule waterproofs and insulates the body? | lipids |
| Triglycerides are made of __. | glycerol and 3 fatty acid tails |
| Which type of lipid is liquid at room temperature? | unsaturated |
| Which type of lipid contains double bonds in the fatty acid Carbon chain? | unsaturated |
| Which elements can be found in nucleic acids, but not carbohydrates or lipids? | Nitrogen and Phosphorus |
| What is the monomer of a nucleic acid? | nucleotide |
| What are the two types of nucleic acids? | DNA and RNA |
| Which macromolecule stores and transmits genetic information? | nucleic acids |
| Which macromolecule is a source of Nitrogen -- carbohydrates, lipids or protein? | protein |
| How are the 20 amino acids different? | the 'R' group |
| What is produced when amino acids combine? | proteins |
| What is the name of the bond between amino acids? | peptide bond |
| What is a polypeptide chain? | chain of amino acids |
| Which macromolecule is a structural component of skin and muscle? | protein |
| Which macromolecule transports materials in the body such as hemoglobin? | protein |
| This macromolecule is a hormone that helps to regulate metabolism. What is it? | protein |
| Which macromolecule can be found on cell membranes to serve as receptors for cellular communication? | proteins |
| Which macromolecule is an antibody? | proteins |
| Which macromolecule are enzymes? | proteins |
| Which molecule increases the rate of reactions? | enzymes |
| Which molecule is a biological catalyst? | enzyme |
| Which molecule would test positive with the Biuret indicator? | proteins |
| Which molecule would test positive with the Benedicts indicator? | monosaccharides |
| Which molecule would test positive with the Iodine indicator? | starch |
| What are the 3 types of carbohydrates? | monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide |
| Glucose and fructose are examples of __. | monosaccharides -- carbohydrates |
| Excess ___ are stored as oil droplets in fat cells. | lipids |
| The monomer contains a sugar, phosphate and Nitrogen base. What is the macromolecule? | nucleic acid |
| What is the monomer of an enzyme? | amino acid |
| What is the monomer of cellulose? | monosaccharide |
| Polymers of polysaccharides, lipids and proteins are all synthesized from monomers by __. | dehydration synthesis or condensation |
| The general term for a large molecule made up of smaller subunits is __. | polymer |
| If Ms. Byers wanted to grow her hair out without fear of it breaking or becoming damaged, what macromolecule should she increase in her diet? | proteins |
| Leon has a big football game this evening. What monomer should he load up on during dinner to ensure that he has enough energy for the big game? | carbohydrates |
| A __ is a building block of an organic compound. | monomer |
| You are walking down the “tough streets” of New Jersey, and suddenly you feel the need to run away from someone who is accosting you! Your muscles keep a form of energy stored just for these emergencies. What macromolecule stores energy in muscles? | glycogen |
| Lard is pig fat. People often use it is making pastries because its solid form at room temperature makes it ideal for flaky pastries and pie crusts. Is lard saturated or unsaturated lipid? | saturated |
| Which molecule is responsible for plant structure -- glucose, starch, cellulose, or glycogen? | cellulose |
| What molecule is made of glycerol and fatty acids? | lipids |
Created by:
egunderson