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Chapter 6

Mitosis, Cell reproduction/ division

TermDefinition
gamete reproductive cells, sperm (male), egg (female)
binary fission prokaryotic cell division
gene a point on the chromosome that codes or gives information for single characteristic (example= eye color)
chromosome DNA condenses into chromosomes during division, 46 chromosomes for humans
chromatid 2 halves of chromosome , identical information, DNA already copied
centromere attachment point for 2 chromatids
homologous chromosomes similar chromosomes , pair together and are same size, shape, and information
diploid 2n = 46 chromosomes (full set)
haploid n = 23 chromosmes ( 1/2 set )
zygote after sperm fertilizes egg ( 2n = diploid )
autosome doesn't determine sex of baby ( 22 pairs )
sex chromosome determines sex of baby ( 1 pair ) male =xy , female=xx
somatic cell every cell other than gamete (diploid, 2n, 46 chromosomes)
cell cycle repeating sequence of cellular growth and division
interphase includes G1, synthesis, and G2
mitosis cell reproduction or division, nucleus divides
cytokinesis division of cytoplasm, final step of division
cancer uncontrolled growth of cells
G1, first growth phase grows rapidly and carries out routine functions
S, synthesis phase DNA is copied
G2, second growth phase further preparations for nucleus to divide
Created by: jyoung271
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