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Biology EOC RC2 P2

TermDefinition
messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic message from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis (from floating in the cytoplasm to the ribosome)
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) the RNA material that forms the two subunits that make up the ribosome
crossing over when homologous chromosomes that are bundled together so closely they exchange segments
gene segment of DNA that controls an organism’s traits
hybrid offspring of parents with DIFFERENT traits; heterozygous
alleles the different possible forms of a gene
genotype the genetic makeup of an organism; which alleles they possess
phenotype appearance, or physical characteristics; what you can see; physical trait
codominance 2 alleles are fully expressed
incomplete dominance 2 alleles that share expression; neither is completely dominant
polygenic inheritance controlled by several genes at once
sex-linked inheritance determined by a gene located on the sex chromosome(the X or Y chromosome)
multiple alleles trait is determined from many possible alleles, although the individual only gets 2 alleles
autosomal chromosomes all chromosomes except the sex chromosomes
trisomy chromosomes do not seperate equally resulting in an extra homologous chromosome; (3 of chromosome #23)
monosomy chromosomes do not seperate equally resulting in a missing homologous chromosome; (only 1 chromosome #23)
non-disjunction chromosomes are not properly sorted during meiosis leading to incorrect numbers of chromosomes in each gamete
Created by: adamhudson25
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