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Morriss Digestion
Digestive System Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the role of amylase? | Breaks down starch molecules into sugar molecules in the mouth. |
| What is the role of pepsin? | Breaks down protein molecules in the stomach. |
| What is diffusion? | Passive transport that does not require energy to transport molecules across the lining of the small intestine into the bloodstream. |
| What is active transport? | The process where nutrients travel from the small intestine, across the lining to the bloodstream by using energy to power the gates to open up. Requires energy (ATP), gates or pumps, and a semipermeable barrier. |
| What are all of the steps and organs that food goes through in the digestive system? | Starts at the mouth, moves down the esophagus to the stomach, then to the duodenum, then further into the small intestine, then to the large intestine (colon), then finally through the rectum and out the anus. |
| What is the formula for calculating the surface area of rectangular prisms? | S.A. = 2(lw +lh + wh) or S.A. = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh |
| How would you describe the structure of the small intestine? | Long, tubular shaped, with folds and wrinkles along the inner lining that are covered with villi and microvilli. |
| what are sugars? | Small carbohydrates that the body absorbs from food particles in the digestive system. |
| What are starches? | Large carbohydrates that are made up of many sugar molecules bonded together. The body breaks down the starch into sugar molecules so that it can be easily absorbed. |
| What is mechanical digestion? | The tearing, grinding, and mixing of food by the teeth and jaws in the mouth, and by the muscles throughout the digestive organs. |
| What is chemical digestion? | The breakdown of food particles into their nutrients through the use of enzymes that break molecular bonds. Occurs in the mouth, stomach, and the small intestine. |
| What is a bolus? | A piece of chewed up ball of food, the product of what happens to food in the mouth. |
| What does fiber help with in our body? | Helps move food and waste through the digestive system. |
| Why is surface area important in digestion? | So that the nutrients in the food can be broken down and exposed to be better absorbed, and so that the lining of the small intestine has more surface area to absorb those nutrients across its lining. |
| What is the role of rennin? | Breaks down milk in the stomach. |
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wessese
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