Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Glossary
Human Anatomy & Physiology Glossary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abduction | movement of a part away from the midline of the body. |
| acid | any substance that, when dissolved in water, contributes to an excess of H+ ions (low pH) |
| acidosis | a decrease in blood pH due to an increase in H+ion concentration or a decrease in alkalinity or bases. |
| acquired immune deficiency | an immune deficiency that develops after birth and is not related to genetic defects. |
| adduction | movement of a part toward the midline of the body. |
| adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | impairment of surfactant by inhalation of foreign substances or other conditions |
| agglutinate | antibodies that cause their targeted antigens to stick together in little clusters and cause "clumping" |
| alkaline | any substance that, when dissolved in water, contributes to an excess of OH- ions (high pH) |
| amphiarthrosis | slightly movable joints |
| anaphylactic shock | a severe and sometimes fatal systematic allergic reaction to a sensitizing substance |
| anterior | Front, in front of (same as ventral in humans) |
| antisepsis | inhibition or inactivation of pathogens |
| appendicular | the bones of the upper and lower extremities and the bones of attachment |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries |
| arthritis | inflammatory joint disease |
| articulations | joints |
| atomic mass | the number of protons and neutrons combined in an atom |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atrophy | a degenerative process; a wasting away of tissue |
| attenuated | weakened |
| axial | refers to the head, neck, and torso or trunk of the body |
| basal metabolic rate (BMR) | the amount of energy that is necessary to maintain life and to keep the body functioning at a minimum level |
| base | a compound that produces an excess of OH- ions (or a decrease in H+ ions) |
| blood pressure gradient | the difference between two blood pressures in the body |
| blood pressure | Force of blood against the vessels |
| bursae | small, cushion-like sacs found between moving body parts, making movement easier. |
| Flexion | indicates bending or decreasing the angle between the bones or parts of the body. (Usually occurs in an anterior direction) |
| Dorsiflexion | flexion at the ankle joint. Lifting the toes off the ground. |
| Plantarflexion | flexion at the ankle joint that turns the foot or toes toward the plantar surface (standing on your toes). |
| Extension | indicates straightening or increasing the angles between the bones or parts of the body. (usually occurs in a posterior direction) |
| Superficial, intermediate, deep | describe the positions of structures relative to the surface of the body or the relationship of one structure to another underlying or overlying structure. |
| Medial | a structure is nearer to the median plane of the body than another part. |
| Lateral | a structure is farther away from the median plane. |
| External | farther from the center of an organ or cavity regardless of direction |
| Internal | closer to the center of an organ or cavity regardless of direction |
| Posterior | back surface of the body (nearer to the back) |
| Contraleteral | occurring on the opposite side of the body relative to another structure. |
| hyperextension | extension of a limb or part beyond the normal limit - can cause injury. |
| circumduction | circular movement that is a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction |
| rotation | turning or revolving a part of the body around its longitudinal axis |
| pronation | rotational movement of arm or hand that swings the radius medially around its longitudinal axis so that the palm of the hand faces posteriorly and its dorsum faces anteriorly. |
| Supination | rotational movement of the forearm and hand that swings the radius laterally around its longitudinal axis so that the dorsum of the hand faces posteriorly and the palm faces anteriorly. (like holding a bowl of 'soup') |
| Opposition | movement by which the pad of the 1st digit (thumb) is brought to another digit pad |
| reposition | movement of the 1st digit from the position of opposition back to its anatomical position |
| protrusion | movement anteriorly (forward) as in a protruding mandible |
| retrusion | movement posteriorly (backward) as in retruding the mandible |
| elevation | raise or move a part superiorly |
| depression | lowers or moves a part inferiorly |
| eversion | move the sole of the foot away from the median plane (turning the sole laterally) When the foot is fully everted it is also dorsiflexed |
| inversion | moves the sole of the foot toward the median plane (when the foot is fully inverted it is also plantarflexed. |
| Bone markings | these appear wherever tendons, ligaments, fascias are attached or where arteries lie adjacent to or enter bones. |
| Capitulum | small round articular head |
| Condyle | rounded, knuckle-like articular area, usually occurring in pairs. |
| Crest | ridge if bones |
| Epicondyle | eminence superior to a condyle |
| Facet | smooth flat area, usually covered with cartilage, where a bone articulates with another bone |
| Foramen | passage through a bone |
| Fossa | hollow or depressed area |
| Groove | elongated, depression or furrow |
| Head | large, round articular end |
| Line | linear elevation |
| Malleolus | rounded process |
| notch | indentation at the edge of a bone |
| protuberance | projection of bone |
| spine | thorn-like process |
| spinous process | projecting spine-like part |
| trochanter | large blunt elevation |
| trochlea | spool like articular process that acts as a pulley |
| Tubercle | small raised eminence |
| Tuberosity | large rounded elevation |
Created by:
anolesrus
Popular Biology sets