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NYS LE Topic 3

Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Asexual reproduction when a cell splits, creating two identical clones
Clones 2 identical organisms, with the same exact DNA
Biotechnology using technology to build/alter living tissue
Chromosome condensed (squished up) DNA, found in the nucleus
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid. Sequence of letters, A, T, C, G that pass on traits
Genes part of the DNA that “codes” for a trait
Genetic engineering altering genes, usually to treat or cure a disease ex)breast cancer gene. Bacteria making insulin
Genetic recombination during meiosis, some genes get switched between chromosomes (crossing over)
Heredity passing traits (genes) from parent to offspring
Mutation change in DNA that alters a gene
Replicate copy chromosomes before cell division
Selective breeding when organisms choose their mates
Sexual reproduction 2 parents each provide half the number of chromosomes. Increases variation in the species
Traits characteristic inherit from your parents
Differentiation when identical cells change to become specialized.
Egg female sex cell (haploid-half # chromosomes)
Expressed how a genetic trait is shown
Sperm male sex cell (haploid -half # chromosomes)
Subunit smaller units that make up a bigger structure. Ex) A protein’s _________ are amino acids
Template a pattern with directions for creating a new molecule
Created by: PRO Teacher etucci
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