Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
biodiversity C5
What is biodiversity, threats, conserving
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The variety of genes or inheritable characteristics that are present in a population.. example various colors of Asian ladybird beetles from reddish, light orange, to yellow | genetic diversity |
| why is genetic diversity important | when there is genetic diversity in a population it increases that chances that some members of the species will survive a change in the environment or an outbreak of disease |
| explain species diversity | this is the variety of life in an area that is determined by the number of different species in that area... there is generally more species diversity toward the equator |
| Why is biodiversity important | it increases the stability of an ecosystem and the health of the biosphere |
| Variety of ecosystems in the biosphere is called ____.. all the ecosystems on earth support a diverse collection of organisms ..different locatons around the world have different abiotic factors that support different types of life | ecosystem diversity |
| Name the 3 types of biodiversity | genetic, species, and ecosystem |
| List reasons that it is important to have biodiversity | 1. direct economic value ( provide food, clothing, energy, medicine, shelter ) 2. organisms may provide genes that may be needed in future 3. healthy biosphere provides services ( provide oxygen etc)4. beauty and inspiration 5. scientific value |
| The gradual process of species becoming extinct.. A natural process of extinction that happens as ecosystems are chanced | background extinction |
| Explain what worries scientists about the rate of extinction | there is a worry about the increase in the rate of extinction. the current rate of extinction is 1000x more than the background extinction rate |
| Scientists are worried we are witnessing ____ give the definition of this.... | a period of mass extinction..... event in which a large percentage of all living species become extinct in a relatively short period of time |
| What was the last mass extinction on earth | the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 mya |
| Scientists point out that the current high rate of extinction is due to the activities of | a single species Homo sapiens... humans |
| excessive use of species that have economic value is a threat to biodiversity called | overexploitation |
| hunting bison because of meat and hides that could be sold commercially ... almost caused their extinction ( they were also hunted for sport) is an example of | overexploitation |
| Threat to biodiversity that used to be #1_____ has now been taken over by ____ | historical number 1 was overexploitation.... NOW IT IS LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF HABITAT |
| Two ways that habitats can be lost... both start with a D... these are threats to biodiversity | habitat is destroyed or disrupte |
| an example of destruction of habitat ... a place were native plants are being replaced with agricultural crops | clearing of tropical rain forests |
| was is meant by disruption of habitat... give an example with something that happened off the coast of Alaska | declining numbers of one member of the food web can affect other members and affect the entire ecosystem. harbor seas and sea lions declined... the whales ate more sea otters. less sea otters lead to more urchins eating kelp and hurt the kelp forest |
| when one species plays a very large role in the ecosystem that species is called | a keystone species |
| the separation fo an ecosystem into small pieces of land .. that makes the habitat smaller to support fewer species, reduces reproduction opportunities ... smaller, separated, less genetically diverse pops. can respond to changing environments | this is a threat to biodiversity called habitat fragmentation |
| happens when a large ecosystem is carved into smaller pieces that makes different environmental conditions along the boundaries of an ecosystem | edge effect |
| what is happening when the edge of a forest near a road has different abiotic factors (temp./wind, and humidity) than the interios of the forest | this is an example of the edge effect |
| Edge effects are not always a disadvantage for all species... It depends on the various organisms .... Range of ( from c3.. page 61) | Range of tolerance.. different species have different optimum zones... and intolerance zones... remember they have various adaptations for an area |
| What chemical pesticide most likely played a role in the near extinction of the American bald eagle and peregrin falcon. The toxic effects were discovered ant the use was banned in some parts of the world. | DDT |
| Briefly describe the story of DDT and the American bald eagle | DDT was ingested and accumulated in the tissues allowing the concentration of the toxic substances to increase as the trophic level increased. Eagles are at the top of the food chain. It caused thin eggshells and death to developing birds. |
| what process is occuring when the concentration of toxic substances is pretty low entering the food web but the concentration of toxic substances increase as it spreads to higher trophic levels | biological magnification ( be sure to know that DDT is an example of this) |
| How is acid precipitation affecting biodiversity? | when fossil fuels burn, SOX and NOX are released into the atmosphere ..they react with the water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid . The acids fall to earth as rain etc and makes acidic conditions. |
| What problems result from acid precipitation | This can remove nutrients from the soil, it can damage plant tissues, slows plant growth, and can kill fish if the acid concentration in lake is high |
| Describe the water pollution called EUTROPHICATION (yoo troh fih KAY shun) | fertilizers, animals wastes, and sewage rich in nitrogen or phosphosus get into water and cause too much algae growth. The algae use much oxygen during rapid growth and the decaying process after they die. Causing other organisms to suffocate |
| What term describes a population explosion of algae and what results | An algae bloom... they use up oxygen rapidly and cause other organisms to suffocate... but also some algae give off toxins that poison the water supply |
| What have humans done to the rate of eutrophication | Eutrophication is a natural process.. many lakes at lower altitudes are nutrient rich or Eutrophic.. and are full of life... BUT WE HAVE ACCELERATED THE RATE |
| What is the definition of introduced species | nonnative species that are intentionally or unintentionally transported to a new habitat |
| What happens if species are introduced in a new habitat | The population does not have natural controls such as predators, parasites or competition so they often reproduce in large numbers and become INVASIVE ( also called INVASIVE species) |
| What is important concerning natural resources in the future because of rising human population growth and an increased rate of consumption of natural resources | WE NEED A LONG TERM PLAN FOR THE USE AND CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES |
| What are two groups of natural resources | renewable and nonrenewable |
| What is a renewable resouce and give a few examples | they are replaced by natural processes father than they are consumed... Solar Energy, Agricultural plants (growing bamboo, cotton) , animals, , clean water, clean air |
| What is something we need to remember about renewable resources and any resource | They are not unlimited ... if demand exceeds supply of any resource.. the resource might become depleted |
| What is the definition of a nonrenewable resource | they are found in limited amounts or are replaced by natural processes over extremely long periods of time |
| Name some nonrenewable resources | fossil fuels, mineral supplies ( such as uranium) AND SPECIES if the last of the species dies ( becomes EXTINCT) |
| Explain the difference between cutting a single tree or a small group of trees in a forest vs clearing the entire forest | the single tree or small group of trees in a large forest is renewable because replacement trees can be planted or regrow from seeds in soil. if you clear the whole forest the organisms in the forest have lost their habitat .. very difficult to replace. |
| What is it called when using resources at a rate in which they can be replaces or recycles while preserving the environmental halth of the biosphere | sustainable use |
| What is CONSERVATION of resources | reducing the amount of resources consumed, recycling things that can be recycled, preserving ecosystems, and using them in a responsible manner |
| Give 3 general ways to protect biodiversity | 1. having protected areas where biodiversity can flourish 2. identifying HOT SPOTS to focus work efforts 3. Building corridors between habitat fragments |
| What has the united nations done to protect biodiversity | they have Biosphere reserves and World Heritage Sites ( some are megareserves) |
| Describe the concept of a megareserve and how it works with sustainable use | these areas have one or more zones that are protected from human activity by buffer zones.. The buffer zones allow sustainable use of resources. it creates a large managed area for biodiversity and resources for locals |
| If deer can safely travel between two habitat fragments.. they are probably using ____ | a habitat corridor |
| What are two things that must be true about a biodiversity hot spot there are about 34 internationally recognized hot spots | 1. they have to have high levels on endemic species 2. they have to have critical levels of habitat loss |
| what is meant by endemic species | a species that is only found in a specific geographic area |
| What is the difference between an introduced (invasive) species, a keystone species, and an endemic species | introduced: nonnative species in a new habitat(causes problems) keystone species: a species that plays a large role in an ecosystem endemic species: a species only found in a certain area |
| What biodiversity hot spot has the Henry Doorly Zoo been involved with --this area has lemurs and the fossa ( some penguins got their by accident in an animated movie) | Madagascar |
| Are all biologist on board with the idea of focusing on hotspots to save biodiversity | NO... read page 133 |
| How can habitat corridors be useful | they are passageways between habitat fragments allowing organisms to move safely.. it makes a larger piece of land ( to sustain a wider variety of species).. an allows for more genetic variation |
| Do habitat corridors completely solve the problem of habitat fragmentation | NO... diseases can pass from one area to the next and it can make more edges .. ONE LARGE HABITAT HAS FEWER EDGES.. but often a large habitat is hard to preserve |
| Bioremediation is a method of _____... What is bioremediation | speeding up the recovery process of a damaged ecosytem... using organisms like prokaryotes ( bacteria), fungi, or plants to detoxify a polluted area |
| what process is occurring when plants are planted in contaminated soil. The plants store the toxic materials in their tissues and when harvested the toxic materials are removed from the ecosystem | bioremediation |
| Name two important bills that have helped to legally protect biodiversity | Endangered Species Act (1973) CITES ( convention on international traid in endangered species) ( 1975) |
| which bill outlawed the trade of endangered species and animal parts such as ivory elephant tusks and rhino horns | CITES |
| Which of the following represents and indirect economic value of biodiversity: food, clothing, flood protection, medicines | flood protection |
| what word describes this collection of locations.. a forest, a freshwater lake, an estuary, and a prairie? | ecosystem diversity |
| Which of the following is NOT a way in which a species lose their habitat: background extinction, destruction, disruption, pollution | background extinction |
Created by:
shemehl
Popular Biology sets