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ch. 6-1

cell reproduction

QuestionAnswer
gene segment of DNA that transmits info. from parent to offsring
chromosome rod shaped structure that forms when a single DNA molecule and its associated proteins coil tightly together before cell dividion
chromatid the 2 copies of each chromasome
centromere the point where the two chromatids are attached by a protein disk.
homogolous chromosomes chromosomes that are simular in size, shape and genes that they carry.
diploid cell containing two homologous of each chromosome
gametes egg cells and sperm cells
haploid cell contains only one homologue of each chromosome
zygote fertilized egg cell
trisomy condition in which adiploid cell has an extra chromosome
karyotype collection of chromosomes found in an individuals' cells
Down syndrome when an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 21
nondisjunction accident in chromosome seperation when 1 daughter cell gets both chromosomes and the other daughter cell gets none
amniocentesis procedure where sample of amniotic fluid is drawn and tested for genetic abnormalities
chorionic villi sampling fetal testing procedure where pieces of chrionic villi in mom's uterus = removed and testes for abnormalities
mutations changes in organisms genetic material
deletion when a fragment of a cell breaks off and is lost when a cell divides
duplication form of mutation where the chromosome contains an extra copy of a segment of DNA
inversion mutation in which a chromosome fragment rejoins it's origional chromosome w/ its nucleotides reversed
translocation form of mutation caused by a chromosome fragment joining a nonhomologous chromosome during cell division
autosomes a chromosome not directly involved in determinating sex
sex chromosomes chromosomes that differ between males and females
Created by: HEBaker
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