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Biology Ch 7.1
Ch.7 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cellular Respiration | the process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide |
| Pyruvic Acid | the three-carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both the aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis |
| NADH | an electron carrier molecule |
| Aerobic Respiration | if oxygen is present in the cell's environment, pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make a large amount of ATP |
| Glycolysis | the anaerobic breakdown of glucose pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP |
| NAD+ | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH |
| Fermentation | the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen |
| Alcoholic Fermentation | the anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol |
| Kilocalorie | a unit of energy equal to 1,000 cal |
| Anaerobic | describes a process that does not require oxygen |
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SchmidtE20