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Hoffman Bio. S2 #3

Semester 2 - List #3

QuestionAnswer
Nucleotide Monomer of nucleic acids; these bond together to make strands of DNA and RNA
Protein Carbon based molecule that does the work in a cell and is created by ribosomes that bond amino acids together
Base Pairing Rules Also known as Chargaff's Rules; states that in DNA, Adenine bonds to Thymine and Cytosine bonds with Guanine
Replication Process that occurs in the nucleus and creates 2 new strands of DNA
DNA Polymerase Enzyme that bonds nucleotide together during Replication
Central Dogma Theme of protein synthesis that states information can only flow in one direction; DNA to RNA to Protein
DNA Substance which makes up chromosomes as a double helix and carries instructions for which proteins need to be created
mRNA Substance which is single stranded and carries information from the nucleus to a ribosome with instructions to make a protein
tRNA Substance with is single stranded and brings amino acids to the ribosome to create a protein
Transcription Process that occurs in the nucleus and creates strands of RNA
Translation Process that occurs at a ribosome and results in the creation of a protein
Codon A section of mRNA which consists of 3 nucleotide bases which codes for a specific amino acid
Amino Acid Bonded together at a ribosome to make a protein
Frameshift Mutation Insertion or deletion of a nucleotide which results in errors in mRNA and a change to the needed protein
Point Mutation Substitution of a nucleotide base which results in errors in mRNA and a change to the needed protein
Mutagens Substances in the environment which can change DNA in a cell and results in mutations of proteins
Created by: juhoffman
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