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Mitosis
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The process by which organisms make more of their own kind. | Reproduction. |
| Cell division. | The way new cells are produced. |
| What organelle controls cell division? | Nucleus. |
| An orderly set of complex changes in the nucleus, normally involving an exact duplication of the cell. | Mitosis. |
| If the original cell has 46 chromosomes, how many does the daughter cell have after mitotic division? | 46. |
| Chromosomes. | Rod-like structures in the nucleus that contain genes. |
| The production of new organisms without the fusion of the nuclei. | Asexual reproduction. |
| True or False: In asexual reproduction, the new organism develops from a cell of a single parent and has characteristics identical to the cell. | True. |
| Interphase. | The in between stage where chromosomes are replicated during the interval between cell divisions. |
| What are chromosomes made up of? | A centromere that connects two identical chromotatids. |
| Prophase. | The nuclear membrane disintegrates, shortened chromosomes and spindle fibers appear at the ends of the cell. |
| Metaphase. | The double stranded chromosomes became attached to the spindle fibers at their centromeres and move to the middle of the cell (central pane/equator). |
| Anaphase. | The centromeres separate and the spindle fibers pull the chromosome pairs apart towards the opposite poles of the cell. |
| Telophase. | The nuclear membrane reappears and forms around each new set of chromosomes, forming two identical nuclei. |
| Cytokinesis. | Cytoplasm divides into two new cells. |
| Animal cell mitosis. | Contains centrioles that make spindle fibers, the cytoplasm is divided by pinching the cell membrane inwards. |
| Plant cell mitosis. | A cell plate is formed to become the new cell wall and split the cells. |
| Cell division in which the nuclear material and the cytoplasm of the parent cell divide equally and form two daughter cells of the same size. | Binary fission. |
| The parent organism divides into two unequal parts. | Budding. |
| Forms spores, which are small reproductive cells that can give rise to a new organism under favorable conditions. | Sporulation. |
| The development of lost parts or growth of an entire new organism from a part of an organism. | Regeneration. |
| Examples of an organism that goes through sporulation. | Bread mold. |
| Examples of organisms that go through regeneration. | Starfish and planarian worm. |
| Equal nuclear division and equal cytoplasmic division. | Binary fission. |
| Equal nuclear division but unequal cytoplasmic division. | Budding. |
| A type of regeneration that occurs in plants. | Vegetative propagation. |
| Short, underground stem surrounded by thick, fleshy leaves that contain stored food. | Bulbs. |
| Enlarged underground stem with buds and stored food. | Tubers. |
| A horizontal stem with buds that grows along the surface of the ground. | Runners. |
| Thick, horizontal stem containing stored food. | Rhizome. |
| Types of artificial mitosis. | Cutting and grafting. |
| A stem or leaf is placed in soil and a complete new, identical plant develops from it. | Cuttings. |
| The stem of one plant to be propagated is attached to the cut end of another growing plant. | Grafting. |
Created by:
emarciante9
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