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Genetics

study guide flashcards

QuestionAnswer
Traits are influenced by genes and environmental factors. explain the difference genes are more coded into you. environmental factors are like being around a tall person makes you taller.
What is a carrier? an organism that carriers you till you are born.
What are the male and female sex chromosomes? Male: xy Female: xx
how does down syndrome occur? there is an extra chromosome in set #21
What is sickle-cell anemia? where the blood cells are not round and affects oxygen/breathing.
Describe DNA its shape is a double helix. the chemicals are adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
What rules must be followed when ATCG bases are paired up? AT are always together. CG are also always together.
What is a karyotype? a photograph of a persons set of chromosomes.
What is selective breeding? humans select what traits they want an organism to have.
What is inbreeding? Crossing 2 individuals that have identical or similar sets of alleles.
What is cloning? an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which produced.
What is a genome? all the DNA in one cell of an organism
What was the purpose of the human genome project? provide scientists with an encyclopedia of genetic information about humans.
What is a mutation? a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
Describe the types of mutations that can occur. Cigarette smoke and ultra violet radiation.
what is a gene? one set of instructions for an inherited trait.
What is genetic engineering? a process where genes from one are transferred into another.
what is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? mitosis is the division of body cells and divides once. Meiosis is the division of sex cells and divides twice.
what is unique about an identical twin's DNA? They are the exact same DNA or extremely similar.
Created by: Awesomepossem123
 

 



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