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Micro: Exam 1

TermDefinition
Zaccharias Janssen (1950) Invention of the first compound microscope.
Galileo Galilei (1610) Popularized the compound microscope and improved the instrument with a focusing device.
Robert Hooke (1665) Improved the resolution and illumination. Micrographia. Slice cork. Cell theory. Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1670s) Ground & mounted his own lenses. Submitted a series of letters and drawings to Royal Society. Bacteria and Protozoas -> Animalcules.
Spontaneous Generation/Abiogenesis The belief that life could arise spontaneously from non-living matter.
Aristotle (384 BC) "Vital force" in matter.
Van Helmont (1577-1644) Recipe for the manufacture of mice. Concept: Odor can transmute substances.
Francesco Redi (1669) Demonstrated that maggots do not generate spontaneously from decaying meat. Explain his experiment.
What was the counter argument for Francesco Redi's maggot experiment? Fresh air is needed for spontaneous generation.
John Needham (1748) Microorganisms arise from spontaneous generation. Boiled chicken and corn broth -> poured into sealed flasks -> microorganisms appeared.
Lazzaro Spallanzani (1767): Suggested that microbes probably entered Needham's solution after boiling. Explain his experiment.
What was Needham's reply to Lazzaro Spallanzani's experiment? Too much heat destroyed the "vital force" of the nutrient fluid.
Rudolf Virchow (1858) "Living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells." Life comes from Life.
Biogenesis - Louis Pasteur Microorganisms are present in the air; they can contaminate sterile solutions but air itself or nutrient fluids by themselves do not give rise to microbial life.
Biogenesis - What was Louis Pasteur first experiment?
Biogenesis - What did Louis Pasteur concluded from his first experiment? Microorganisms in the air were the agents responsible for contaminating non-living matter.
Biogenesis - What was Louis Pasteur second experiment? Open ended long-necked s-shaped flasks
Biogenesis - What did Louis Pasteur concluded from his 2nd experiment? Microbes are present on non-living matter - solids, liquids, air. Microbial life can be destroy by heat.
Created by: ayjennay
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