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Bio1710Ex2

UNT Biology 1710 Dewey EX2

QuestionAnswer
Proteins Do the work of the cell
Protein Enzyme catalysts - Speed up chemical reactions
Most Enzymes are Proteins
Protein Defense - Antibodies, immune systems
Protein Transporting - Creating systems that allow organisms to move
Protein Support - Support Cell membrane
Protein Regulation - Controls or regulates systems in body or cell
Protein Storage - Store different Macro-Molecules, nutrients, water, etc
Protein Polymers -Composed of 1 or more long, unbranched chain
Chain - Polypeptide
Monomers - Amino Acids
Amino Acid Structures (5) 1. Central Carbon atom 2. Amino group 3. Carboxyl group 4. Single Hydrogen 5. Variable R group
Are R groups the same in Amino Acids? No. They vary from acid to acid.
Amino acids joined by: Dehydration synthesis
Peptide bond Amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis
Where do Amino Acids come from? -We get them in our diet - You can also biosynthesize most from other compounds in a complex array of metabolic pathways
PKU Phenylketonuria
Phenylketonuria - Rare genetic metabolic disorder - Patients lack enzyme necessary to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine - Phen. accumulates and is converted to phenylpyruvate which causes brain damage, mental retardation, seizures
4 Levels of Structure for Proteins 1. Primary 2. Secondary 3. Tertiary 4. Quaternary
Protein Primary structure - sequence of Amino Acids
Protein Secondary Structure - Interaction of groups in the peptide backbone
Alpha Helix - no R-types participate in the structure - Hydrogen bonds keeping helix together
Beta Sheet Hydrogen bonds through the peptide backbone
Protein Tertiary Structure - Final folded shape of a globular protein
Quaternary structure - Only if you have a protein made of only 1 sub-unit - subunits in a protein with 2 or more polypeptide chains
Sub-units - arrangement of individual chains
Created by: bpiatek91
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