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Cell Anatomy
BIO 168 Anatomy&Physiology chapter 3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Nucleosis | At the center of the nucleus, the creation point of ribosomes |
Nucleus | The Control Center of Eukaryotic cels; contains DNA |
Eukaryotic Cells | Advanced cells found in plants and animals; has nucleus&membrane-enclosed organelles |
Organelle | "Small Organ" ; structures within a eukaryotic cell that carries out specific functions |
Lysosome | the "garbage collector" of a cell; filled with enzymes that break down damaged or unusable debris |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | An enclosed membrane pathway for transporting materials such as proteins |
Golgi Apparatus | Site of customization for synthesized proteins |
Cilia | Hair-like projections that beat in waves to move particles and debris along pulmonary tissue |
DNA | Dictates what a cell will do, when it will do it |
Chromatin | Tangled web of DNA found inside the nuclear membrane |
Chromosome | Condensed structure of DNA, carries genetic material during cell division |
Ribosomes | Organelles that synthesize Protein |
Cytoplasm | Jelly-like substance that fills cell membranes excluding the nucleus |
Flagella | Tail-like structure providing locomotion to cells; found on bacteria and sperm cells |
Cytoskeleton | The cellular skeleton; composed of microfilaments and microtubules |
Microtubules | A series of tubes that is not the internet |
Free ribosomes | Ribosomes that float freely in the cytoplasm; proteins are released into cytosol for cellular use |
Fixed ribosomes | Ribosomes that attach to rER; proteins will be transported to Golgi Apparatus for additional modification |
Mitochondrion | The "Power House" of the cell; creates ATP for energy through cellular respiration |
Plasma Membrane | Barrier between cell contents and surrounding environment |
Enzymes | Catalyze reactions |
Glycocalyx | Carbohydrate portion of a cell's plasma membrane that binds, anchors, and moves the cell. |
Phospholipid Bilayer | A two-layer border around the plasma membrane made of lipids; hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers maintain cellular homeostasis |