A region of actively dividing cells a the tips of plant shoots and the roots.

Arbuscular mycorrhizae

Mycorrhizae that exchange carbohydrates between plant roots and fungal hyphae via arbuscules; also termed vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae or endomycorrhizae.

Exchange organs between plant and mycorrhizal fungus that occur within plant cells.

Roots having a diameter above a threshold such as 2 mm; also refered to as pioneer or perennial roots.

Outermost layer of the plant stem or root bounded on the outside by the epidermis and on the inside by the endodermis.

Mycorrhizal association in some woody plants in which a large part of the fungal tissue is found outside the root.

A single layer of cells inside the root cortex of a root that regulates water and nutrient uptak.

Roots with relatively short lifespans; also referred to as fine or feeder roots.

Layer of cells on the surface of a leaf or root.

Roots that absorb water and nutrients; also referred to as fine or ephemeral roots.

Roots having a diameter below a threshold such as 2 mm; also referred to as feeder or ephemeral roots.

Hyphae that penetrate cell walls of root cortical cells in ectomycorrhizae.

Root architecture with shallow, oblique, and sinker roots branching from the stump.

Having more than one type of root within the root system.

Filamentous structures that make up the vegetative body of fungi.

Fungal hyphae that surround the root in ectomycorrhizae; also termed sheath.

Symbiotic relationship between plant roots and fungal hyphae, in which the plant acquires nutrients from the fungus in return for carbohydrates.

Roots with relatively long lifespans; also referred to as coarse or pioneer roots.

Roots that expand the root system horizontally and vertically; also referred to as coarse, or perennial roots.

Root architecture with only shallow roots branching from the stump.

Zone of soil that is directly influenced by roots.

The spatial configuration of the root system.

Numerical designations that indicate where in a root system a certain root segment lies.

Cells at the tips of roots that produce mucilaginous carbohydrates that lubricate the movement of roots through soil.

Elongate epidermal cell of the root that extends out into the soil.

Root architecture with vertically growing roots that arising from lateral roots within the drip line.

Vascular cylinder of a stem or root containing the xylem and phloem.

A straight tapering root growing vertically downward and forming the center from which lateral roots arise.

Absorption of water or mineral by an organism or tissue; synonymous with acquisition.

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Root structure

For 330 Root structure

Term	Definition
Apical meristem	A region of actively dividing cells a the tips of plant shoots and the roots.
Arbuscular mycorrhizae	Mycorrhizae that exchange carbohydrates between plant roots and fungal hyphae via arbuscules; also termed vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae or endomycorrhizae.
Arbuscule	Exchange organs between plant and mycorrhizal fungus that occur within plant cells.
Coarse roots	Roots having a diameter above a threshold such as 2 mm; also refered to as pioneer or perennial roots.
Cortex	Outermost layer of the plant stem or root bounded on the outside by the epidermis and on the inside by the endodermis.
Ectomycorrhizae	Mycorrhizal association in some woody plants in which a large part of the fungal tissue is found outside the root.
Endodermis	A single layer of cells inside the root cortex of a root that regulates water and nutrient uptak.
Ephemeral roots	Roots with relatively short lifespans; also referred to as fine or feeder roots.
Epidermis	Layer of cells on the surface of a leaf or root.
Feeder roots	Roots that absorb water and nutrients; also referred to as fine or ephemeral roots.
Fine roots	Roots having a diameter below a threshold such as 2 mm; also referred to as feeder or ephemeral roots.
Hartig net	Hyphae that penetrate cell walls of root cortical cells in ectomycorrhizae.
Heart root	Root architecture with shallow, oblique, and sinker roots branching from the stump.
Heterorhizic	Having more than one type of root within the root system.
Hyphae	Filamentous structures that make up the vegetative body of fungi.
Mantle	Fungal hyphae that surround the root in ectomycorrhizae; also termed sheath.
Mycorrhizae	Symbiotic relationship between plant roots and fungal hyphae, in which the plant acquires nutrients from the fungus in return for carbohydrates.
Perennial roots	Roots with relatively long lifespans; also referred to as coarse or pioneer roots.
Pioneer roots	Roots that expand the root system horizontally and vertically; also referred to as coarse, or perennial roots.
Plate root	Root architecture with only shallow roots branching from the stump.
Rhizosphere	Zone of soil that is directly influenced by roots.
Root architecture	The spatial configuration of the root system.
Root branch order	Numerical designations that indicate where in a root system a certain root segment lies.
Root cap	Cells at the tips of roots that produce mucilaginous carbohydrates that lubricate the movement of roots through soil.
Root hairs	Elongate epidermal cell of the root that extends out into the soil.
Sinker root	Root architecture with vertically growing roots that arising from lateral roots within the drip line.
Specific root length	Root length per unit weight
Stele	Vascular cylinder of a stem or root containing the xylem and phloem.
Taproot	A straight tapering root growing vertically downward and forming the center from which lateral roots arise.
Uptake	Absorption of water or mineral by an organism or tissue; synonymous with acquisition.

Created by: mdcoleman

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