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Genetics & Molecular
Study Guide for Genetics & Molecular Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| From LARGEST to SMALLEST, arrange the structures, nitrogen base molecule, nucleus, cell, chromosome and gene in order. | Cell > Nucleus > Chromosomes > Gene > Nitrogen base molecule |
| Which component is used to make a strand of mRNA? | Gene |
| Which component functions as the "genetic code" that determines the traits of an organism? | Nitrogen base molecule (A-T C-G= CODE) |
| What are the nitrogen bases in DNA that form a DNA double helix structure? | A-T C-G |
| What is a mutation? | A change in the DNA sequence that alters the genetic information of a cell |
| How can mutations be passed down to offspring? | If mutations occur in the gametes (Sex cells) |
| What are the two things that can turn on and off gene expression? | Environmental factors such as TEMPERATURE, LIGHT and PH can regulate gene expression |
| What is a gene expression? | Each cell only expresses a small fraction of the genes it contains. While many contribute to gene expression, the environment surrounding a cell or organism tends to effect which genes are expressed. |
| What is Karyotyping? | Can be created to determine the sex, a developing fetus and look for chromosomal abnormalities that may cause a disease when that baby is born |
| What is Gel Electrophoresis used for? | Used as fingerprints or they can be used to find out how much one organism is related to another. |
| What is Recombinant DNA? | The process of inserting a gene from one organism into another. |
| What are the two types of cell in recombining DNA? | Human and bacterial cell |
| This is an answer. | Human and bacterial cells combine together. |
| What are used to cut out or glue back cells? | Enzymes |
| This is an answer. | Bacterial cell now has a human gene, the bacteria produces what the human gene tells it to like insulin. |
| How does genetic information of the new tomato plant compare with that of the original tomato plant? (CLONING) | They are both IDENTICAL because the genetics from the original tomato plant was inserted into the new tomato plant. |
| What is asexual reproduction? | Traits are usually passed from parent to offspring WITHOUT genetic modification. |
| Coded instructions that are passed from one generation to the next can be most directly changed by the processes of? | Recombination, mutation, and genetic engineering. |
| Chromosomes can be described as | Coiled strands of genetic material |
| The genetic code of a DNA molecule is determined by a specific sequence of | Molecular bases |
| The ability to produce increased amounts of lycopene will be passed on to new tomato cells as a direct result of | Mitosis |
Created by:
Nichita
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