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Biology Ch. 10.2

The Mechanics of Breathing

TermDefinition
Breathing The mechanism by which mammals ventilate their lungs. Air flows from a region of HIGH pressure to a region of LOW pressure.
Intercostal Muscles Muscles between the ribs on the rib cage.
Diaphragm A muscle that separates the lungs from the stomach. (Every mammal has a _________).
Inhalation When the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract. Diaphragm moves down in the chest cavity which increases the volume of this cavity.
Exhalation The external intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax. Internal intercostal muscles contract to pull the rib cage back to its original position.
Tidal Volume The volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal breathing movement.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume Additional volume of air that can be taken in, beyond the tidal volume.
Expiratory Reserve Volume The additional volume that can be forced out of the lungs, beyond the tidal volume.
Vital Capacity The total volume of gas that can be moved in or out of the lungs.
Residual Volume The amount of gas that remains in the lungs and the passageways of the respiratory system even after a full exhalation.
Respiratory Efficiency The rate at which the oxygen can be transferred into the blood stream for transport to the rest of the body.
Created by: Inkina
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