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11754-2017

KPHS-Chapter 11.4 = Meiosis

QuestionAnswer
What is Meiosis? It is the process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
What is a Diploid Cell? Hint double. (two sets) 2N. A cell where half of the chromosomes come from the male and half come from the female.
What does homologous mean? The chromosomes from the male parent has a corresponding chromosome form the female parent. A cell that contains both sets of chromosomes is said to be diploid.
What is a diploid cell? Most adult organisms contain two complete sets of inherited chromosomes and two complete sets of genes.
What number represents diploid cells? The diploid number of chromosomes is represented by 2N. A diploid number of 8 is represented as 2N=8. N is the single set of chromosomes found in a sperm or egg cell.
What is a Haploid cell? Hint if diploid is 2N then Haploid is half of that. (one set) N. A cell that only has one single set of chromosomes and therefore a single set of genes. A haploid number is 4 which can be written as N=4.
What is Meiosis? It is the process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.
Meiosis has two phases Meiosis I and Meiosis II See PAge 324 and 325
What is a Zygote? 325 A Zygote is a fertilized egg. The zygote undergoes cell division by mitosis and eventually forms a new organism.
Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? See Page 326. Mitosis can be a form of asexual(one parent) reproduction. Meiosis is an early step in sexual(two parents) reproduction.
Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? In mitosis when 2 sets of genetic material separate, each daughter cell receives one complete set of chromosomes. In meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up and then move to separate daughter cells.
Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? Mitosis does not normally change the chromosome number of the original cell. This is not the case for meiosis which reduces the chromosome number by half.
Compare Mitosis and Meiosis? A diploid cell that enters mitosis with 8 chromosomes will divide to produce 2 daughter cells with 8. A diploid cell that enters meiosis with 8 chromosome cells will divide into two cells that have 4 chromosomes each.
Created by: WTR11754
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