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9.2

TermDefinition
genotype the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
phenotype an organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic that results from the organism's genotype and the environment
homozygous describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes
heterozygous describes an individual; that has two different alleles for a trait
probability the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event; the mathematical ratio of the number of times one outcome of any event is likely to occur to the number of possible outcomes of the event
monohybrid cross a cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits
Punnett Square a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross
genotypic ratio the ratio of the genotypes that appear in offspring
phenotypic ratio the ratio of phenotypes produced by a cross
testcross the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype
complete dominance a relationship in which one allele is completely dominant over another
incomplete dominance a condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individuals two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully
codominance a condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed
dihybrid cross a cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene
Created by: faithcayia
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