click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology Ch 9.2
Ch.9 vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Genotype | the entire genetic material contained in an individual |
Phenotype | an organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic that results from the organism's genotype and the environment |
Homozygous | describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes |
Heterozygous | describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait |
Probability | the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event: the mathematical ratio of the number of times one outcome of any event is likely to occur to the number of possible outcomes of the event |
Monohybrid Cross | a cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits |
Punnett Square | a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
Genotypic Ratio | the ratio of the genotypes that appear in offspring |
Phenotype Ratio | the ratio of phenotypes produced by a cross |
Testcross | the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype |
Complete Dominance | a relationship in which one allele is completely dominant over another |
Incomplete Dominance | a condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individual's two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully |
Codominance | a condition in which both alleles for gene are fully expressed |
Dihybrid Cross | a cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene |