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Science Vocab 1

Mendelian Genetics, Punnett Squares, & More

TermDefinition
Homozygous Organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait
Heterozygous Organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait
Pedigree A family tree representing the occurrence of heritable traits in parents and offspring across a number of generations
Gene Segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein
Allele a variation of a gene
Dominant The form of an allele that is expressed if it is present. This form of an allele will sometimes mask the recessive form
Recessive The form of an allele that is masked. Or hidden when the presence of the dominant form of the allele.
Offspring The descendants of an organism
Genotype The genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype The physical characteristics of an organism
Self-Pollination When a plant can pollinate itself
Cross-Pollination When pollen from one plant is transferred to the female parts of another plant
Purebred When all of an organism's ancestors are from the same population group, with the same traits
Karyotype An ordered display of magnified images of an individual chromosomes arranged in pairs, starting with the longest. It shows the chromosomes condensed and doubled, as they appear in metaphase of mitosis.
Hybrid An organism resulting from the cross dissimilar parents.
Punnett Square A chart showing the possible combinations of genes in the offspring of a cross
Trait A variant of a character found in a population, such as purple flowers in pea plants
Character A heritable feature that varies among individuals in a population Such as flower color in pea plants.
Created by: LunnasGrace
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