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Unit 6 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
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Pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |
Heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
Traits | a genetically determined characteristic |
Dominant Trait | the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred |
Recessive Trait | a trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited |
Alleles | one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
phenotype | an organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic |
Genotype | the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits |
incomplete dominance | situation where an organism inherits a blended phenotype instead of just the dominant trait, when both the dominant and recessive alleles are present in the genotype. |
Punnett Square | a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment. |
Gene | one set of instructions for an inherited trait |
Mutations | a change in the nucleotide-based sequence of a gene or DNA molecule |
Probability | the likelihood that a possible future even will occur in any given instance of the event |
Homozygous | When an individual has two of the same allele, whether dominant or recessive, they are homozygous. Example - RR, rr |
Heterzygous | having one each of two different alleles. Example- Rr |
Gregor Mendel | The father of genetics |
Offspring | the young born of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms |
Parent | A person or organism who has, through reproduction, created an offspring |