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Bonus 1st Sem Vocab
Vocabulary for bonus on exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| community | all the biotic factors in a given area, different populations living together |
| prokaryote | a type of cell that does NOT contain a nucleus; found in kingdoms Archaebacteria and EuBACTERIA |
| Fungi | the kingdom that is eukaryotic, heterotrophic, cell walls of chitin |
| eukaryote | a type of cell that contains a NUCLEUS and other membrane-bound organelles |
| autotroph/producer | organism that can make its own food through photosynthesis |
| decomposer | organisms that break down DEAD matter for energy |
| mutualism | symbiotic relationship in which BOTH species benefit |
| primary | a type of succession that occurs in an area where NO SOIL is present |
| commensalism | symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is NOT AFFECTED |
| respiratory | a body system that exchanges gases in the body; BREATHING |
| circulatory | the body system that transports materials throughout the body via the blood |
| endocrine | body system that has glands that secrete hormones for regulation in the body |
| enzyme | a protein that INCREASES THE SPEED/RATE of a chemical reaction |
| amino acids | the building block of proteins |
| nucleic acids | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus (CHONP) that stores genetic information, DNA & RNA |
| carbohydrate | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen that is the MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY |
| lipid | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen used for LONG TERM energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane, fats, oils, and waxes |
| cell membrane | a barrier around the cell that regulates what enters and exits to maintain HOMEOSTASIS |
| chloroplast | an organelle that does PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
| ribosome | an organelle where PROTEINS are assembled in the cell |
| mitochondria | an organelle where cellular respiration occurs to make ENERGY |
| hypotonic | a higher concentration of water outside the cell, causing water to go into the cell making it SWELL |
| osmosis | diffusion of WATER |
| active transport | the movement of materials against the gradient that requires ENERGY (LOW TO HIGH) |
| diffusion/passive transport | movement of materials down the gradient from a HIGH concentration to a LOW concentration using NO ENERGY |
| hypertonic | a lower concentration of water outside the cell, causing water to leave the cell making it SHRINK |
| genetic material (DNA/RNA) | a molecule that a virus and a cell have in common |
| stomata | OPENING in a leaf that allows gas exchange and water loss (transpiration) |
| xylem | vascular tissue that transports WATER upward |
| tropism | a response of a plant to an environmental stimulus |
| phloem | vascular tissue that transport SUGARS downward |
| oxygen | the gas produced by the process of photosynthesis |
| a plant's response to light | phototropism |
| cellular respiration | process that releases energy (ATP) by breaking down glucose |
| pollination | transfer of pollen from the male reproducter structure to the female "sticky" stigma, usually carried out by bees, birds, wind, etc. |
| anaerobic/fermentation | cells release ATP (energy) WITHOUT using oxygen; lactic acid and alcoholic |
| species | the most specific level of classification in which organisms can produce fertile offspring |
| glucose and oxygen | the reactants of cellular respiration |
Created by:
JMHSBIO
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