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unit herdity
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the trait that a living thing inherits and needs to live |
| Chromosomes | in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein |
| cell cycle | the life of a cell |
| interphase | the period of the cell cycle during which activities such as cell growth and protein synthesis occur without visible signs of cell division |
| mitosis | in eukaryotic cells a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
| cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
| homologous | chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
| meiosis | a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells |
| heredity | the passing of genetic material from parent to offspring |
| gene | one set of instructions for an inherited trait |
| allele | one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic such as hair color |
| genotype | the entire genetic makeup of an organism also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits |
| phenotype | an organism appearance or other detectable characteristics |
| dominant | in genetics describes an allele that is fully expressed whenever the allele is present in an indivual |
| recessive | describes an allele that will be masked unless the organism is homozygous for the trait |
| incomplete dominance | a condition in which two alleles are expressed such that the phenotype of a heterozygus individual is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two homozygus parents |
| codominance | a condition in which two alleles are expressed such that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is a combination of the phenotypes of the two homozygous parents |
| punett square | a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
| probability | the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the events |
| ratio | a comparison of two numbers using division |
| pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurance of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |
Created by:
nasirh
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