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Heredity
Words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| DNA | A molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live |
| Chromosomes | One of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein |
| Cell Cycle | The life cycle of a cell |
| Interphase | The period of the cell cycle during which activities such as cell growth and protein synthesis occur without visible signs of cell division |
| Mitosis | A process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
| Cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
| Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the sam structure |
| Meiosis | A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells |
| Asexual Reproduction | One parent that can produce offspring that are generally identical to the parent |
| Sexual Reproduction | Reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents |
| Fertilization | The union of a male and female gamete to form a zygote |
| Heredity | The passing of genetic material from parent to offspring |
| Gene | One set of instructions for an inherited trait |
| Allele | One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
| Genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific trits |
| Phenotype | An organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic |
| Dominant | Describes an allele that is fully expressed whenever the allele is present in an individual |
| Recessive | Describes an allele that will be marked unless the organism is homozygous for the traits |
| Incomplete Dominance | A condition in which two allele are expressed such that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two homozygous parents |
| Codominance | A condition in which two alleles are expressed such that the phenotype phenotypes of the two homozygous parants |
| Punnett square | A graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
| Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event |
| Ratio | A comparison of two numbers using division |
| Pedigree | A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |
Created by:
purplequeen
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