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Respiration
Science
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Respiration. | The process by which energy is released from food molecules into a form more easily used by the cell when combined with oxygen. |
What is the original source of energy for respiration? | Glucose. |
Where does the energy made from glucose go? | It is stored in the chemical bonds of ATP. |
Word formula for respiration. | Glucose + oxygen ---------------> carbon dioxide + water + energy |
How many molecules of ATP are produced? | 36. |
What are the raw materials of respiration? | Glucose and oxygen. |
ATP. | Stands for adenosine triphosphate, an organic compound that stores respiratory energy in the form of chemical bond energy for transport from one part of the cell to the next. |
ADP. | Stands for adenosine diphoshate, one phosphate is removed from ATP. |
Formula for the hydrolysis of ATP. | Water +ATP ------------> (with help of ATPase) ADP + P+ Energy. |
Where does respiration take place? | Mitochondria. |
Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must obtain their nutrients from outside sources. | Heterotrophs. |
Organisms that can make their own food from taking in inorganic molecules (water, sunlight, carbon dioxide) and make organic compounds, such as glucose. | Autotrophs. |
True or False: Respiration is a continuous process that doesn't stop. | True. |
True or False: Aerobic respiration needs oxygen. | True. |
Aerobic respiration. | Process by which glucose is completely oxidized (broken down by oxygen) into carbon dioxide and water. |
Aerobic respiration equation. | Glucose + Oxygen ----------------> (with help of enzymes) water + carbon dioxide + ATP. |
Where does anaerobic respiration occur? | Cytoplasm. |
Anaerobic respiration/Fermentation. | Respiration that can occur without oxygen. |
Two types of anaerobic respiration. | Alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. |
What type of organisms go through alcoholic fermentation? | Yeast. |
What types of organisms go through lactic acid fermentation? | Bacteria and humans during muscle fatigue. |
True or False: The first step to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration is glycolysis. | True. |
Anaerobic respiration formula. | Glucose + 2 ATP -----------------> 2 pyruvic acids + ATP. |
Formula for alcoholic fermentation. | Glucose ------------------> (with help of enzymes) 2 ethyl alcohol + 2 carbon dioxide + 2 ATP |
True or False: Anaerobic respiration is more efficient than aerobic. | False, aerobic is more efficient than anaerobic. |
What causes dough to rise during alcoholic fermentation? | 2 Carbon dioxide. |
What is the end product of lactic acid fermentation? | Lactic acid. |
What is the waste product of lactic acid fermentation? | Lactic acid. |
During which phase of aerobic respiration is the most ATP produced? | Electron transport chain. |
Where does the energy end up? | Inside the bonds of ATP. |
Why is respiration significant? | It produces ATP, which is essential for metabolic processes. |